Appomattox campaign order of battle: Confederate The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the final military encounter of the American Civil War , the 1865 Appomattox campaign , which lasted from March 29 to April 9 and resulted in Confederate surrender on April 9 at the Appomattox Court House . Order of battle has been compiled from the army organization during the campaign.[ 1] [ 2] The Union order of battle is listed separately.
Abbreviations used
Military rank
Other
Army of Northern Virginia
Gen Robert E. Lee , Commanding
Staff:
Division
Brigade
Regiments and others
Headquarters units
Escort
39th Virginia Cavalry Battalion: Cpt Samuel B. Brown
Provost Guard
Maj D. B. Bridgford
Engineers
Col T. M. R. Talcott
1st Confederate Engineers
2nd Confederate Engineers
First Corps
LTG James Longstreet
Staff:
Corps medical director: Surgeon John Cullen
Division
Brigade
Regiments and others
Pickett's Division
MG George E. Pickett
Steuart's Brigade
BG George H. Steuart
Corse's Brigade
BG Montgomery D. Corse (c , April 6)
Col Arthur Herbert
Hunton's Brigade
BG Eppa Hunton (c , April 6)
Maj Michael P. Spessard
Terry's Brigade
BG William R. Terry (w , March 31)
Col Joseph Mayo, Jr.
Maj William W. Bentley
Field's Division
MG Charles W. Field
Perry's Brigade
BG William F. Perry
4th Alabama Infantry: Ltc Lawrence H. Scruggs
15th Alabama Infantry : Col Alexander A. Lowther
44th Alabama Infantry: Ltc John A. Jones
47th Alabama Infantry: Cpt Eli D. Clower
48th Alabama Infantry: Maj John W. Wigginton
Anderson's Brigade
BG George T. Anderson
7th Georgia Infantry: Col George H. Carmical
8th Georgia Infantry: Col John R. Towers
9th Georgia Infantry : Maj John W. Arnold
11th Georgia Infantry : Cpt William H. Ramsey
59th Georgia Infantry: Col Jack Brown
Benning's Brigade
BG Henry L. Benning
2nd Georgia Infantry: Cpt Thomas Chaffin,jr.
15th Georgia Infantry: Maj Peter J. Shannon
17th Georgia Infantry : Maj James B. Moore
20th Georgia Infantry
Gregg's Brigade
Col R. M. Powell
Bratton's Brigade
BG John Bratton
1st South Carolina Infantry: Col James R. Hagood
5th South Carolina Infantry: Col Asbury Coward
6th South Carolina Infantry: Col John M. Steedman
2nd South Carolina Rifles: Col Robert E. Bowen
Palmetto (South Carolina) Sharpshooters
Kershaw's Division[ 3]
MG Joseph B. Kershaw (c , April 6)
DuBose's Brigade
BG Dudley M. DuBose (c , April 6)
Cpt J. F. Espy
16th Georgia Infantry: Lt William W. Montgomery
18th Georgia Infantry : Cpt J. F. Espy, Lt Gideon J. Lasseter
24th Georgia Infantry : Cpt J. A. Jarrard
3rd Georgia Sharpshooters Battalion
Cobb's (Georgia) Legion: Lt W. G. Steed
Philip's (Georgia) Legion: Lt A. J. Reese
Humphrey's Brigade
Col William H. Fitzgerald (c , April 6)
Cpt Gwin R. Cherry
Simms' Brigade
BG James P. Simms (c , April 6)
Cpt George W. Waldron
Artillery
BG Edward P. Alexander
Cabell's Battalion[ 4]
Maj S. P. Hamilton
Pulaski (Georgia) Artillery
Carlton's (Georgia) Battery
1st Company Richmond Howitzers (Virginia)
Manly's (North Carolina) Battery
Huger's Battalion
Maj Tyler C. Jordan
Madison Louisiana Light Artillery : Lt George Poindexter
Fickling's (South Carolina) Battery: Lt E. L. Purse
Parker's (Virginia) Battery: Lt Edwin S. Wooldridge
Virginia Battery: Cpt John Donneli Smith
Taylor's (Virginia) Battery: Lt John H. Weddell
Virginia Battery: Lt James Woolfolk
Haskell's Battalion
Maj John C. Haskell
North Carolina Battery: Cpt Henry G. Flanner
Ramsay's (North Carolina) Battery: Lt Jesse F. Woodard
South Carolina Battery: Cpt Hugh R. Garden
Lamkin's (Virginia) Battery: Lt Fletcher T. Massie
Second Corps
MG John B. Gordon
Staff:
Division
Brigade
Regiments and others
Formerly Ramseur's Division
MG Bryan Grimes
Battle's Brigade
Col Edwin L. Hobson
3rd Alabama Infantry: Cpt Cornelius Robinson, Jr.
5th Alabama Infantry: Col Edwin L. Hobson, Cpt Thomas M. Riley
6th Alabama Infantry: Maj Isaac F. Culver
12th Alabama Infantry: Cpt Poleman D. Rose
61st Alabama Infantry : Cpt Augustus B. Fanin, jr
Grimes' Brigade
Col David G. Cowand
32nd North Carolina Infantry: Cpt P. C. Shuford
43rd North Carolina Infantry: Cpt Wiley J. Cobb
45th North Carolina Infantry : Col John R. Winston
53rd North Carolina Infantry: Cpt Thomas E. Ashcraft
2nd North Carolina Battalion
Cox's Brigade
BG William Ruffin Cox
1st North Carolina Infantry : Maj Louis C. Latham
2nd North Carolina Infantry: Maj James T. Scales
3rd North Carolina : Maj William T. Ennett
4th North Carolina Infantry: Cpt John B. Forcum
14th North Carolina Infantry: Ltc William A. Johnston.
30th North Carolina Infantry: Cpt David C. Allen
Cook's Brigade
Ltc Edwin A. Nash
4th Georgia: Col Edwin A. Nash, Cpt John M. Shiver
12th Georgia: Cpt Josiah N. Beall
21st Georgia: Cpt Edward Smith
44th Georgia: Cpt John A. Tucker
Co.B - Sumter Georgia Artillery
Archer's Battalion[ 5]
Ltc Fletcher H. Archer
3rd Battalion Virginia Reserves: Cpt Joseph A. Rogers
44th Virginia Battalion: Cpt A. B. Morrison
Formerly J. Pegram's Division
BG James A. Walker
R.D. Johnston's Brigade
Col John W. Lea
5th North Carolina Infantry: Col John W. Lea, Cpt James M. Taylor
12th North Carolina Infantry: Cpt P. Durham
20th North Carolina Infantry : Lt Archibald F. Lawhon
23rd North Carolina Infantry: Cpt Abner D. Peace
1st North Carolina Sharpshooters Battalion: Lt R. W. Woodruff
Lewis' Brigade
BG William G. Lewis (w , April 7)
Cpt John Beard
6th North Carolina Infantry: Cpt Joseph H. Dickey
21st North Carolina Infantry: Cpt John H. Miller
54th North Carolina Infantry
57th North Carolina Infantry: Cpt John Beard
Walker's Brigade
Maj Henry K. Douglas
Gordon's Division
BG Clement A. Evans
Evans' Brigade
Col John H. Lowe
13th Georgia Infantry: Ltc Richard Maltbie
26th Georgia Infantry: Cpt James Knox
31st Georgia Infantry: Cpt Edward C. Perry
38th Georgia Infantry: Ltc Philip E. Davant
60th Georgia Infantry: Col Waters B. Jones
61st Georgia Infantry : Col Waters B. Jones
9th Georgia Artillery Battalion: Sgt. Horace L. Cranford
12th Georgia Artillery Battalion: Cpt Samuel H. Crump
18th Georgia Battalion: Cpt George W. Stiles
Terry's Brigade
Col Titus V. Williams
York's Brigade
Col Eugene Waggaman
Artillery
BG Armistead L. Long
Nelson's Battalion[ 4]
Ltc William Nelson
Braxton's Battalion
Ltc Carter M. Braxton
Cutshaw's Battalion
Ltc Wilfred Emory Cutshaw (w , April 6)
Cpt C. W. Fry
Jeff Davis (Alabama) Artillery
King William (Virginia) Artillery
Morris (Virginia) Artillery
Orange (Virginia) Artillery
Staunton (Virginia) Artillery
Richmond Howitzers, 2nd Company
Hardaway's Battalion
Ltc Robert A. Hardaway
Powhatan Artillery (Virginia)
3rd Company, Richmond Howitzers (Virginia)
Rockbridge Artillery (Virginia)
Salem Flying Artillery (Virginia)
Johnson's Battalion
Ltc Marmaduke Johnson
Clutter's (Virginia) Battery: Lt Lucas McIntosh.
Fredericksburg Artillery (Virginia): Cpt John G. Pollock
Lightfoot's Battalion
Caroline Artillery (Virginia)
Nelson Artillery (Virginia)
Surry Artillery (Virginia)
Stark's Battalion
Ltc Alexander W. Stark
Louisiana Guard Battery (Green's)
McComas Artillery/French's Battery (Virginia): Cpt David A. French
Armistead's Battery/Matthew's Artillery (Virginia): Cpt Andrew D. Armistead
Third Corps
LTG A. P. Hill (k , April 2)[ 6]
Provost Guard
5th Alabama Battalion: Cpt Wade Ritter
Division
Brigade
Regiments and others
Mahone's Division
MG William Mahone
Forney's Brigade
BG William H. Forney
Weisiger's Brigade
BG David A. Weisiger
Harris' Brigade
BG Nathaniel H. Harris
Sorrel's Brigade
Col George Edward Tayloe
3rd Georgia Infantry: Ltc Claiborne Snead
22nd Georgia Infantry: Cpt George W. Thomas
48th Georgia Infantry: Cpt Alexander C. Flanders
64th Georgia Infantry: Cpt James G. Brown
2nd Georgia Battalion: Maj Charles J. Moffett
10th Georgia Battalion: Cpt Caleb F. Hill
Finegan's Brigade
BG Theodore W. Brevard, Jr. (c , April 6)
Col David Lang
Heth's Division
MG Henry Heth
Davis' Brigade
BG Joseph R. Davis
Cooke's Brigade
BG John R. Cooke
15th North Carolina Infantry: Col William H. Yarborough
27th North Carolina Infantry: Ltc Joseph C. Webb
46th North Carolina Infantry : Col William L. Saunders
48th North Carolina Infantry: Col Samuel H. Walkup
55th North Carolina Infantry: Cpt Walter A. Whitted
MacRae's Brigade
BG William MacRae
McComb's Brigade
BG William McComb
2nd Maryland Battalion: Cpt John W. Torsch
1st Tennessee Infantry (Provisional Army): Maj Felix G. Buchanan
7th Tennessee Infantry: Ltc Samuel G. Shepard
14th Tennessee Infantry : Maj James H. Johnson
17th Tennessee Infantry: Col Horace Ready
23rd Tennessee Infantry : Col Horace Ready
25th Tennessee Infantry
44th Tennessee Infantry
63rd Tennessee Infantry
Wilcox's Division
MG Cadmus M. Wilcox
Thomas' Brigade
BG Edward L. Thomas
14th Georgia Infantry: Col Richard P. Lester
35th Georgia Infantry: Col Bolling H. Holt
45th Georgia Infantry: Col Thomas J. Simmons
49th Georgia Infantry: Maj James B. Duggan
Lane's Brigade
BG James H. Lane
18th North Carolina Infantry : Maj Thomas J. Wooten
28th North Carolina Infantry: Cpt T. James Linebarger
33rd North Carolina Infantry: Col Robert V. Cowan
37th North Carolina Infantry: Maj Jackson L. Bost
McGowan's Brigade
BG Samuel McGowan
Scales' Brigade
Col Joseph H. Hyman
13th North Carolina Infantry: Ltc E. Benton Withers
16th North Carolina Infantry: Col William A. Stowe
22nd North Carolina Infantry: Col Thomas S. Galloway, jr
34th North Carolina Infantry: Ltc George M. Norment
38th North Carolina Infantry: Col John Ashford, Ltc George W. Flowers
Artillery
Col R. Lindsay Walker
McIntosh's Battalion
Ltc William M. Owen
Hurt's (Alabama) Battery: Lt George A. Ferrell
1st Battery, Washington Artillery (Louisiana): Cpt Edward Owen
Chew's (Maryland) Battery
Chamberlayne's (Virginia) Battery
Donald's (Virginia) Battery: Lt William T. Wilson
Rockbridge (Virginia) Artillery, 2nd Battery: Cpt Berryman Z. Price
Pegram's Battalion
Col William J. Pegram (mw , April 2)
Ltc Joseph McGraw
South Carolina Battery: Cpt Thomas E. Gregg
Virginia Battery: Cpt George M. Cayce
Virginia Battery: Cpt Thomas Ellett
Brander's (Virginia) Battery: Lt James E. Tyler
Poague's Battalion
Ltc William T. Poague
Richards' (Mississippi) Battery: Lt John W. Yeargain
North Carolina Battery: Cpt Arthur B. Williams
Albemarle (Virginia) Artillery: Cpt Charles F. Johnston
Brooke (Virginia) Artillery: Cpt Addison W. Utterback
Lewis' (Virginia) Battery: Cpt Nathan Penick
Thirteenth Virginia Battalion
no commander listed[ 7]
Otey Battery: Cpt David N. Walker
Ringgoldi Battery: Cpt Grispin Dickenson
Richardson's Battalion
Ltc Charles Richardson
Lane's Battalion[ 4]
Maj John Lane
Ross' (Georgia) Battery
Patterson's (Georgia) Battery
Irwin (Georgia) Artillery
Washington Artillery
Ltc Benjamin F. Eshleman
1st Company (Louisiana)
2nd Company (Louisiana)
3rd Company (Louisiana)
4th Company (Louisiana)
Fourth Corps
LTG Richard H. Anderson [ 8]
Division
Brigade
Regiments and others
Johnson's Division
MG Bushrod R. Johnson [ 9]
BG William H. Wallace
Wallace's Brigade
BG William H. Wallace
17th South Carolina Infantry: Cpt E. A. Crawford
18th South Carolina Infantry: Ltc W. B. Allison
22nd South Carolina Infantry: Col William G. Burt
23rd South Carolina Infantry: Ltc John M. Kinloch
26th South Carolina Infantry: Maj Ceth S. Land
Holcombe (South Carolina) Legion
Moody's Brigade
BG Young M. Moody (c , April 8)
Col Martin L. Stansel
Wise's Brigade
BG Henry A. Wise
Ransom's Brigade
BG Matthew W. Ransom
24th North Carolina Infantry
25th North Carolina Infantry: Col Henry M. Rutledge
35th North Carolina Infantry: Maj Robert E. Petty
49th North Carolina Infantry : Maj Charles Q. Petty
56th North Carolina Infantry: Col Paul F. Faison
Artillery
Col Hilary P. Jones
Coit's Battalion
Maj James C. Coit
Wright's (Virginia) Battery
Pegram's (Virginia) Battery
Bradford's (Mississippi) Battery
Blount's Battalion
Maj Joseph G. Blount
Georgia Battalion: Cpt C. W. Slaten
Cumming's (North Carolina) Battery: Lt Alexander D. Brown
Miller's (North Carolina) Battery
Young's (Virginia) Battery
Stribling's Battalion
Maj Robert M. Stribling
Dickerson's (Virginia) Battery
Marshall's (Virginia) Battery: Lt T. Marshall Archer
Macon's (Virginia) Battery
Sullivan's (Virginia) Battery: Lt William S. Archer
Smith's Battalion
Cpt William F. Dement
1st Maryland Battery: Lt John Gale
Johnston's (Virginia) Battery: Lt Thomas R. Adams
Neblett's (Virginia) Battery: Lt Robert J. Braswell
Virginia Battery: Cpt John W. Drewry
Virginia Battery: Cpt Thomas Kevill
Sturdivant's Battalion[ 4]
Cpt N. A. Sturdivant
Martin's (Virginia) Battery
Sturdivant's (Virginia) Battery
Cavalry Corps
MG Fitzhugh Lee
Division
Brigade
Regiments and others
Fitzhugh Lee's Division
Col Thomas T. Munford
Munford's Brigade
Payne's Brigade
BG William H. F. Payne (w , March 30)
Col Reuben B. Boston (k , April 6)
Gary's Brigade
BG Martin W. Gary
W. H. F. Lee's Division
MG William. H. F. Lee
Barringer's Brigade
BG Rufus Barringer (c , April 3)
Beale's Brigade
Cpt Samuel H. Burt
Robert's Brigade
BG William P. Roberts
4th North Carolina Cavalry
16th North Carolina Cavalry Battalion
Rosser's Division
MG Thomas L. Rosser
Dearing's Brigade
BG James Dearing (mw , April 6)
Lt. Col. Elijah V. White
McCausland's Brigade
Horse Artillery
Ltc R. Preston Chew
Breathed's Battalion
Maj James Breathed
Johnston's (Virginia) Battery
Shoemaker's (Virginia) Battery
Thomson's (Virginia) Battery
Chew's Battalion
Graham's (Virginia) Battery
McGregor's (Virginia) Battery
Department of Richmond
LTG Richard S. Ewell (c , April 6)
Ltc Thomas J. Spencer
Division
Brigade
Regiments and others
G. W. C. Lee's Division
MG G.W.C. Lee (c , April 6)[ 10]
Barton's Brigade
BG Seth M. Barton (c , April 6)
40th Virginia Infantry
47th and 50th Virginia Infantry
22nd Virginia Infantry Battalion
25th Virginia Infantry Battalion
Moore's Brigade
BG Patrick T. Moore [ 11]
2nd Virginia Local Defense Troops
3rd Virginia Local Defense Troops
1st Virginia Reserves
2nd Virginia Reserves
1st Virginia Reserves Battalion: Ltc Richard T.W. Duke (c , April 6)
2nd Virginia Reserves Battalion
Artillery Brigade
Col Stapleton Crutchfield (k , April 6)
2nd Lt Kena K. Chapman[ 12]
10th Virginia Heavy Artillery Battalion
18th Virginia Heavy Artillery Battalion
19th Virginia Heavy Artillery Battalion
20th Virginia Heavy Artillery Battalion
18th Georgia Heavy Artillery Battalion
Other units
Drewry's Bluff garrison
Maj F. W. Smith (k , April 5)
Young's Howitzers (Virginia)
Johnston (Eppes) Heavy Artillery (Virginia)
Neblett's Artillery (Virginia)
Lunenburg Heavy Artillery (Virginia)
Pamunkey Heavy Artillery (Virginia)
Southside Heavy Artillery (Virginia)
United Artillery/Kevill's Company (Virginia)
Naval Brigade
Commodore John R. Tucker (c , April 6)
Composed of sailors from the James River Squadron
Unattached units
Chaffin's Bluff: Ltc J. M. Maury
Marines: Cpt John D. Simms (c , April 6)
Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia
Division
Brigade
Regiments and others
First Military District
BG Henry A. Wise
Petersburg
Maj W. H. Ker
3rd Virginia Reserves Battalion
44th Virginia Battalion
Unattached units
Hood's Battalion, Virginia Militia
Second-class militia
Independent Signal Corps
Notes
^ Official Records, Series I, Volume XLVI, Part 1, pages 1267-1276
^ Multiple commander names indicate command succession of command during the campaign.
^ During the retreat Kershaw's and G. W. C. Lee's divisions, with other troops from the defenses of Richmond, were commanded by Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell.
^ a b c d This artillery battalion were shown on the Army of Northern Virginia returns for March 31, but do not enumerated on the Appomattox paroles.
^ Temporarily attached during the retreat.
^ The Corps was attached to the First Corps on April 2, after the death of General Hill.
^ Marvel, p. 226.
^ Relieved of command, April 8. Johnson's Division was reassigned to the Second Corps on April 8.
^ Relieved of command, April 8.
^ by Pvt. David D. White , 37th Massachusetts Infantry or Pvt. Harris Hawthorn, 121st New York Infantry
^ Apparently did not accompany his command on the retreat
^ Marvel, p. 195.
References
U.S. War Department, The War of the Rebellion : a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies , U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901.
National Park Service: Appomattox Court House (Confederate order of battle).
Calkins, Chris. The Appomattox Campaign: March 29 – April 9, 1865 . Conshohocken, Pennsylvania: Combined Books, 1997. ISBN 0-938289-54-3 .
Marvel, William. Lee's Last Retreat: The Flight to Appomattox . Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, 2002. ISBN 978-0-8078-5703-8 .