Battle of Apros

Battle of Apros
Date	July 1305
Location	Apros, Thrace
Result	Catalan victory
Belligerents
Byzantine Empire	Catalan Company
Commanders and leaders
Michael IX	Unknown
Strength
6,000	2,500

The Battle of Apros occurred between the forces of the Byzantine Empire, under co-emperor Michael IX Palaiologos, and the forces of the Catalan Company, at Apros on July 1305.^[1]^[2]

The Catalan Company had been hired by the Byzantines as mercenaries against the Turks, but despite the Catalans' successes against the Turks, the two allies distrusted each other, and their relationship was strained by the Catalans' financial demands. Eventually, Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos and his son and co-ruler Michael IX had the Catalan leader, Roger de Flor, assassinated with his entourage in April 1305.

In July, the Byzantine army, comprising a large contingent of Alans as well as many Turcopoles, confronted the Catalans and their own Turkish allies near Apros in Thrace. Despite the Imperial Army's numerical superiority, the Alans withdrew after the first charge, whereupon the Turcopoles deserted en bloc to the Catalans. Prince Michael was injured and left the field and the Catalans won the day.

The Catalans proceeded to ravage Thrace for two years, before moving west and south through Thessaly, to conquer the Latin Duchy of Athens in 1311.

References

^ Bartusis, Mark C. (1997). The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society 1204–1453. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 79–82. ISBN 0-8122-1620-2.
^ Kanellopoulos, Nikolaos S.; Lekea, Ioanna K. (2014), Rogers, Clifford J.; France, John; DeVries, Kelly (eds.), "Prelude to Kephissos (1311): An Analysis of the Battle of Apros (1305)", Journal of Medieval Military History: Volume XII, Boydell & Brewer, pp. 119–138, ISBN 978-1-78204-312-6, retrieved 2023-01-02