Blera (fly)

Blera
	Blera fallax female
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Diptera
Family:	Syrphidae
Subfamily:	Eristalinae
Tribe:	Milesiini
Genus:	Blera; Billberg, 1820
Type species
	Musca fallax; Linnaeus, 1758
Synonyms
	Cynorhina Williston, 1887; Cynorrhina Verrall, 1901; Penthesilea Meigen, 1800;

Blera is primarily a North American genus, though there are 3 species from Europe.^[5] The genus is characterized by the following characters:

face with distinct central knob, less developed in females; frons distinctly produced
antennae shorter than head width, arista dorsal
body covered long sometimes dense hairs
legs simple bare and undeveloped metasternite
short apical section of vein R 4+5 ^[6]

The larvae are found in decaying heartwood in roots of trees and stumps.

There are keys to American^[6] and British species.^[7] external map

Species

Blera ambigua (Shiraki, 1968)^[8]
Blera analis (Macquart, 1842)^[9]
Blera armillata (Osten Sacken, 1875)^[10]
Blera badia (Walker, 1849)^[11]
Blera chillcotti Thompson, 2012^[12]
Blera confusa Johnson, 1913^[13]
Blera eoa (Stackelberg, 1928)^[14]^[5]^[15]
Blera equimacula Huo, Ren & Zheng, 2007^[16]
Blera fallax (Linnaeus, 1758)^[7]^[5]
Blera ferdinandi (Hervé-Bazin, 1914)^[17]
Blera flukei (Curran, 1953)^[6]
Blera garretti (Curran, 1924)^[18]
Blera himalaya Thompson, 2000^[19]
Blera humeralis (Williston, 1882)^[20]
Blera japonica (Shiraki, 1930)^[21]
Blera johnsoni (Coquillett, 1894)^[22]
Blera kyotoensis (Shiraki, 1952)^[23]
Blera lonigseta Barkalov & Cheng, 2011^[24]
Blera metcalfi (Curran, 1925)^[25]
Blera nigra (Williston, 1887)^[2]
Blera nigrescens Shiraki, 1968^[8]
Blera nigripes (Curran, 1925)^[25]
Blera nitens (Stackelberg, 1923)^[26]
Blera notata (Wiedemann, 1830)^[27]
Blera ochrozona (Stackelberg, 1928)^[14]
Blera pictipes (Bigot, 1884)^[28]
Blera robusta (Curran, 1922)^[29]
Blera scitula (Williston, 1887)^[2]
Blera shirakii Barkalov & Mutin, 1991^[30]
Blera umbratilis (Williston, 1887)^[2]
Blera violovitshi Mutin, 1991^[30]
Blera yudini Barkalov, 1991^[30]

Western Wood Fly
Blera scitula
Yellow-legged Wood Fly
Blera humeralis
The Painted Wood Fly
Blera pictipes
Painted Wood Fly
Blera pictipes

References

^ Billberg, G.J. (1820). Enumeratio insectorum in Museo. Stockholm: Gust. Joh. Billberg. p. 138. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Williston, S. W. (1887). "Synopsis of the North American Syrphidae". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 31: xxx + 335. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
^ Verrall, G.H. (1901). Platypezidae, Pipunculidae and Syrphidae of Great Britain. Vol. 8,In his British flies. London: Gurney & Jackson. pp. [i] + 691.
^ Meigen, J.W. (1800). Nouvelle classification des mouches a deux ailes (Diptera L.) d'apres un plan tout nouveau. Paris: Perronneau. pp. 1–40.
^ ^a ^b ^c Veen, M.P. van (2004). Hoverflies of Northwest Europe, Identification Keys to the Syrphidae (hardback). Utrecht: KNNV Publishing. p. 254. ISBN 90-5011-199-8.
^ ^a ^b ^c Curran, Charles Howard (1953). "Notes and descriptions of some Mydaidae and Syrphidae" (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 1645: 1–15.
^ ^a ^b Stubbs, Alan E.; Falk, Steven J. (1983). British Hoverflies: An Illustrated Identification Guide (2nd ed.). London: British Entomological and Natural History Society. pp. 253, xvpp. ISBN 1-899935-03-7.
^ ^a ^b Shiraki, T. (1968). Syrphidae (Insecta: Diptera). Fauna Japonica. Japan: Biogeographical Society of Japan. pp. Vol. II, 243 pp., XL pls., Vol. III, 272 pp., XLVII pls.
^ Macquart, Pierre-Justin-Marie (1842). Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Tome deuxieme.--2e partie. Paris: Roret. pp. 5–140. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
^ Osten Sacken, Karl Robert (1875). "A list of the North American Syrphidae". Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. 3: 38–71. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
^ Walker, F. (1849). List of the specimens of dipterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part III. London: British Museum (Natural History). pp. 485–687.
^ Thompson, F.C. (2012). "Fabulous flower flies for famous fly fanatics (Diptera: Syrphidae). A tribute to the dipterists of the Canadian National Collection". The Canadian Entomologist. 144 (1): 1–16.
^ Johnson, C.W. (1913). "On the Criorhina intersistens Walker and an allied species (Dipt.)". Entomological News. 24: 293–295. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
^ ^a ^b Stackelberg, A.A. (1928). "Species palaearcticae generis Cynorrhina (Dipt., Syrphidae)" (PDF). Konowia. 7 (3): 252–258. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
^ Pettersson, Roger B.; Bartsch, Hans D. (2001). "Blera eoa (Stackelberg, 1928), en ny stubb-blomfluga för Europa (Diptera, Syrphidae)" (PDF Adobe Acrobat). Natur i Norr, Umeå (in Swedish). 20. Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap: 91–96.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ Huo, K.K.; Ren, G.; Zheng, Z. (2007). Fauna of Syrphidae from Mt. Qinling-Bash in China (Insecta: Diptera) (in Chinese). Beijing: Beijing Huonzheng Printer LTD Co. pp. 512 pp.
^ Hervé-Bazin, J. (1914). "Syrphides recueillis au Japon par M. Edme Gallois". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 83: 398–416. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
^ Curran, Charles Howard (1924). "New Canadian Diptera, with a synopsis of the genus Cynorhina". The Canadian Entomologist. 56: 193–196.
^ Thompson, F. Christian (2000). "A new Oriental Blera (Diptera: Syrphidae)" (PDF). Entomological News. 111 (3): 181–184. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
^ Williston, Samuel Wendell (1882). "Contribution to a monograph of the North American Syrphidae". Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 20 (112): 299–332. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
^ Shiraki, T. (1930). "Die Syrphiden des japanischen Kaiserreichs, mit Berucksichtigung benachbarter Gebiete". Mem. Fac. Agric. Taihoku imp. Univ. 1: xx + 446 pp.
^ Coquillett, Daniel William (1894). "Two interesting new Diptera from Washington". Entomological News, and Proceedings of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 5: 125–126. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
^ Shiraki, T. (1952). "Studies on the Syrphidae. 2. Some new species from Japan with an interesting Trypetidae". Mushi. 23: 1–15.
^ Barkalov, A.V.; Cheng, X.Y. (2011). "A review of the Chinese species of the genus Blera (Diptera: Syrphidae) with description of a new species" (PDF). Zoosystematica Rossica. 20: 350–355. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ ^a ^b Curran, Charles Howard (1925). "Contribution to a monograph of the American Syrphidae north of Mexico". The Kansas University science bulletin. (1924) 15: 7–216, 12 pls. Retrieved 23 July 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ Stackelberg, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich (1923). "Cynorrhina nitens sp. nov. (Syrphidae: Dipt.)" (PDF). Supplta ent. 9: 22–23. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ Wiedemann, Christian Rudolph Wilhelm (1830). Aussereuropäische zweiflügelige Insekten. Als Fortsetzung des Meigenschen Werks. Hamm: Zweiter Theil. Schulz. pp. xii + 684 pp., 5 pls.
^ Bigot, Jacques-Marie-Frangile (1884). "Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 22e partie, XXXII: Syrphidi (2e partie). espèces nouvelles, No 1er". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 3 (6): 315–356. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ Curran, Charles Howard (1922). "New species of Canadian Syrphidae (Diptera). Pt. II". The Canadian Entomologist. 54: 14–19. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c Barkalov, A.V.; Mutin, V.A. (1991). "Revision of hover-flies of the genus Blera Billberg 1820 (Diptera, Syrphidae). II". Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie (in Russian). 70: 736–749.

[Billberg1820-1] Billberg, G.J. (1820). Enumeratio insectorum in Museo. Stockholm: Gust. Joh. Billberg. p. 138. Retrieved 5 July 2021.

[Williston1887-2] Williston, S. W. (1887). "Synopsis of the North American Syrphidae". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 31: xxx + 335. Retrieved 1 July 2015.

[Verrall1901-3] Verrall, G.H. (1901). Platypezidae, Pipunculidae and Syrphidae of Great Britain. Vol. 8,In his British flies. London: Gurney & Jackson. pp. [i] + 691.

[Meigen1800-4] Meigen, J.W. (1800). Nouvelle classification des mouches a deux ailes (Diptera L.) d'apres un plan tout nouveau. Paris: Perronneau. pp. 1–40.

[VanVeen-5] Veen, M.P. van (2004). Hoverflies of Northwest Europe, Identification Keys to the Syrphidae (hardback). Utrecht: KNNV Publishing. p. 254. ISBN 90-5011-199-8.

[Curran1953-6] Curran, Charles Howard (1953). "Notes and descriptions of some Mydaidae and Syrphidae" (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 1645: 1–15.

[Stubbs-7] Stubbs, Alan E.; Falk, Steven J. (1983). British Hoverflies: An Illustrated Identification Guide (2nd ed.). London: British Entomological and Natural History Society. pp. 253, xvpp. ISBN 1-899935-03-7.

[Shiraki1968-8] Shiraki, T. (1968). Syrphidae (Insecta: Diptera). Fauna Japonica. Japan: Biogeographical Society of Japan. pp. Vol. II, 243 pp., XL pls., Vol. III, 272 pp., XLVII pls.

[Macquart1842-9] Macquart, Pierre-Justin-Marie (1842). Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Tome deuxieme.--2e partie. Paris: Roret. pp. 5–140. Retrieved 6 July 2021.

[OstenSacken1875-10] Osten Sacken, Karl Robert (1875). "A list of the North American Syrphidae". Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. 3: 38–71. Retrieved 22 July 2021.

[Walker1849-11] Walker, F. (1849). List of the specimens of dipterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part III. London: British Museum (Natural History). pp. 485–687.

[Thompson2012-12] Thompson, F.C. (2012). "Fabulous flower flies for famous fly fanatics (Diptera: Syrphidae). A tribute to the dipterists of the Canadian National Collection". The Canadian Entomologist. 144 (1): 1–16.

[Johnson1913-13] Johnson, C.W. (1913). "On the Criorhina intersistens Walker and an allied species (Dipt.)". Entomological News. 24: 293–295. Retrieved 22 July 2021.

[Stackelberg1928-14] Stackelberg, A.A. (1928). "Species palaearcticae generis Cynorrhina (Dipt., Syrphidae)" (PDF). Konowia. 7 (3): 252–258. Retrieved 22 July 2021.

[Pettersson-15] Pettersson, Roger B.; Bartsch, Hans D. (2001). "Blera eoa (Stackelberg, 1928), en ny stubb-blomfluga för Europa (Diptera, Syrphidae)" (PDF Adobe Acrobat). Natur i Norr, Umeå (in Swedish). 20. Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap: 91–96.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

[HuoRenZheng2007-16] Huo, K.K.; Ren, G.; Zheng, Z. (2007). Fauna of Syrphidae from Mt. Qinling-Bash in China (Insecta: Diptera) (in Chinese). Beijing: Beijing Huonzheng Printer LTD Co. pp. 512 pp.

[Hervé-Bazin1914-17] Hervé-Bazin, J. (1914). "Syrphides recueillis au Japon par M. Edme Gallois". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 83: 398–416. Retrieved 22 July 2021.

[Curran1924-18] Curran, Charles Howard (1924). "New Canadian Diptera, with a synopsis of the genus Cynorhina". The Canadian Entomologist. 56: 193–196.

[Thompson2000-19] Thompson, F. Christian (2000). "A new Oriental Blera (Diptera: Syrphidae)" (PDF). Entomological News. 111 (3): 181–184. Retrieved 25 July 2021.

[Williston1882-20] Williston, Samuel Wendell (1882). "Contribution to a monograph of the North American Syrphidae". Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 20 (112): 299–332. Retrieved 23 July 2021.

[Shiraki1930-21] Shiraki, T. (1930). "Die Syrphiden des japanischen Kaiserreichs, mit Berucksichtigung benachbarter Gebiete". Mem. Fac. Agric. Taihoku imp. Univ. 1: xx + 446 pp.

[Coquillett1894-22] Coquillett, Daniel William (1894). "Two interesting new Diptera from Washington". Entomological News, and Proceedings of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 5: 125–126. Retrieved 23 July 2021.

[Shiraki1952-23] Shiraki, T. (1952). "Studies on the Syrphidae. 2. Some new species from Japan with an interesting Trypetidae". Mushi. 23: 1–15.

[BarkalovCheng2011-24] Barkalov, A.V.; Cheng, X.Y. (2011). "A review of the Chinese species of the genus Blera (Diptera: Syrphidae) with description of a new species" (PDF). Zoosystematica Rossica. 20: 350–355. Retrieved 24 July 2021.

[Curran1925-25] Curran, Charles Howard (1925). "Contribution to a monograph of the American Syrphidae north of Mexico". The Kansas University science bulletin. (1924) 15: 7–216, 12 pls. Retrieved 23 July 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

[Stackelberg1923-26] Stackelberg, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich (1923). "Cynorrhina nitens sp. nov. (Syrphidae: Dipt.)" (PDF). Supplta ent. 9: 22–23. Retrieved 24 July 2021.

[Wiedemann1830-27] Wiedemann, Christian Rudolph Wilhelm (1830). Aussereuropäische zweiflügelige Insekten. Als Fortsetzung des Meigenschen Werks. Hamm: Zweiter Theil. Schulz. pp. xii + 684 pp., 5 pls.

[Bigot1884-28] Bigot, Jacques-Marie-Frangile (1884). "Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 22e partie, XXXII: Syrphidi (2e partie). espèces nouvelles, No 1er". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 3 (6): 315–356. Retrieved 24 July 2021.

[Curran1922-29] Curran, Charles Howard (1922). "New species of Canadian Syrphidae (Diptera). Pt. II". The Canadian Entomologist. 54: 14–19. Retrieved 24 July 2021.

[BarkalovMutin1991-30] Barkalov, A.V.; Mutin, V.A. (1991). "Revision of hover-flies of the genus Blera Billberg 1820 (Diptera, Syrphidae). II". Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie (in Russian). 70: 736–749.

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Blera (fly)

Species

References

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