Common hepatic duct

Common hepatic duct
Common hepatic duct
	1: Right lobe of liver; 2: Left lobe of liver; 3: Quadrate lobe of liver; 4: Round ligament of liver; 5: Falciform ligament; 6: Caudate lobe of liver; 7: Inferior vena cava; 8: Common bile duct; 9: Hepatic artery; 10: Portal vein; 11: Cystic duct; 12: Common hepatic duct; 13: Gallbladder
Details
Identifiers
Latin	ductus hepaticus communis
MeSH	D006500
TA98	A05.8.01.061
TA2	3092
FMA	14668
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

The common hepatic duct is the first part of the biliary tract. It joins the cystic duct coming from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct.

Structure

The common hepatic duct is the first part of the biliary tract.^[2] It is formed by the union of the right hepatic duct (which drains bile from the right functional lobe of the liver) and the left hepatic duct (which drains bile from the left functional lobe of the liver).^[3]

The duct is about 3 cm long.^[4] The common hepatic duct is about 6 mm in diameter in adults, with some variation.^[5]

Termination

The common hepatic duct typically unites with the cystic duct some 1–2 cm superior to the duodenum and anterior to the right hepatic artery, with the cystic duct approaching the common hepatic duct from the right.^[4]

Relations

The right branch of the hepatic artery proper usually passes posterior to the duct, but may rarely pass anterior to it instead.^[4]

Histology

The inner surface is covered in a simple columnar epithelium.^[3]

Variation

Accessory hepatic ducts

Around 1.7%^[6] of people have additional accessory hepatic ducts that opens into the common hepatic duct.^[6] Accessory hepatic ducts may also instead open into the cystic duct or gallbladder.^[4]

Termination

Occasionally, the cystic duct may first run along the right side of the common bile duct for some distance before joining it, or may pass posteriorly around to the common hepatic duct to unite with it from the left side.^[4]

Rarely, the common hepatic duct and gallbladder join directly (with the cystic duct being absent),^[6]^[4] leading to illness.^[6]

Function

The hepatic duct is part of the biliary tract that transports secretions from the liver into the intestines.

Clinical significance

Cholecystectomy

The common hepatic ducts carries a higher volume of bile in people who have had their gallbladder removed.^{[citation needed]}

The common hepatic duct is an important anatomic landmark during surgeries such as cholecystectomy. It forms one edge of Calot's triangle, along with the cystic duct and the cystic artery. All constituents of this triangle must be identified to avoid cutting or clipping the wrong structure.

Cholestasis

A diameter of more than 8 mm is regarded as abnormal dilatation, and is a sign of cholestasis.^[7]

Mirizzi's syndrome

Mirizzi's syndrome occurs when the common hepatic duct is blocked by gallstones.^[8]

Additional images

Biliary tract
Common hepatic duct
Common hepatic duct
The portal vein and its tributaries
The gall-bladder and bile ducts laid open

References

^ Standring S, Borley NR, eds. (2008). Gray's anatomy : the anatomical basis of clinical practice. Brown JL, Moore LA (40th ed.). London: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 1163, 1177, 1185–6. ISBN 978-0-8089-2371-8.
^ Manohar, Rohan; Lagasse, Eric (2014-01-01), Lanza, Robert; Langer, Robert; Vacanti, Joseph (eds.), "Chapter 45 - Liver Stem Cells", Principles of Tissue Engineering (Fourth Edition), Boston: Academic Press, pp. 935–950, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-398358-9.00045-8, ISBN 978-0-12-398358-9, retrieved 2021-01-26
^ ^a ^b Bergman, Simon; Geisinger, Kim R. (2008-01-01), Bibbo, Marluce; Wilbur, David (eds.), "CHAPTER 14 - Alimentary Tract (Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Colon, Rectum, Anus, Biliary Tract)", Comprehensive Cytopathology (Third Edition), Edinburgh: W.B. Saunders, pp. 373–408, ISBN 978-1-4160-4208-2, retrieved 2021-01-26
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Sinnatamby, Chummy S. (2011). Last's Anatomy (12th ed.). p. 265. ISBN 978-0-7295-3752-0.
^ Gray's Anatomy, 39th ed, p. 1228
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Portmann, Bernard C.; Roberts, Eve A. (2012-01-01), Burt, Alastair D.; Portmann, Bernard C.; Ferrell, Linda D. (eds.), "3 - Developmental abnormalities and liver disease in childhood", MacSween's Pathology of the Liver (Sixth Edition), Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 101–156, ISBN 978-0-7020-3398-8, retrieved 2021-01-26
^ Hoeffel, Christine; Azizi, Louisa; Lewin, Maité; Laurent, Valérie; Aubé, Christophe; Arrivé, Lionel; Tubiana, Jean-Michel (2006). "Normal and Pathologic Features of the Postoperative Biliary Tract at 3D MR Cholangiopancreatography and MR Imaging". RadioGraphics. 26 (6): 1603–1620. doi:10.1148/rg.266055730. ISSN 0271-5333. PMID 17102039.
^ Katz, Seth S. (2017-01-01), Jarnagin, William R. (ed.), "Chapter 18 - Computed tomography of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas", Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 2-Volume Set (Sixth Edition), Philadelphia: Elsevier, pp. 316–357.e6, ISBN 978-0-323-34062-5, retrieved 2021-01-26

External links

Anatomy photo:38:03-0302 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Stomach, Spleen and Liver: Contents of the Hepatoduodenal Ligament"
Illustration Archived 2012-10-20 at the Wayback Machine

[1] Standring S, Borley NR, eds. (2008). Gray's anatomy : the anatomical basis of clinical practice. Brown JL, Moore LA (40th ed.). London: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 1163, 1177, 1185–6. ISBN 978-0-8089-2371-8.

[2] Manohar, Rohan; Lagasse, Eric (2014-01-01), Lanza, Robert; Langer, Robert; Vacanti, Joseph (eds.), "Chapter 45 - Liver Stem Cells", Principles of Tissue Engineering (Fourth Edition), Boston: Academic Press, pp. 935–950, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-398358-9.00045-8, ISBN 978-0-12-398358-9, retrieved 2021-01-26

[:1-3] Bergman, Simon; Geisinger, Kim R. (2008-01-01), Bibbo, Marluce; Wilbur, David (eds.), "CHAPTER 14 - Alimentary Tract (Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Colon, Rectum, Anus, Biliary Tract)", Comprehensive Cytopathology (Third Edition), Edinburgh: W.B. Saunders, pp. 373–408, ISBN 978-1-4160-4208-2, retrieved 2021-01-26

[:0222-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Sinnatamby, Chummy S. (2011). Last's Anatomy (12th ed.). p. 265. ISBN 978-0-7295-3752-0.

[gray-5] Gray's Anatomy, 39th ed, p. 1228

[:0-6] Portmann, Bernard C.; Roberts, Eve A. (2012-01-01), Burt, Alastair D.; Portmann, Bernard C.; Ferrell, Linda D. (eds.), "3 - Developmental abnormalities and liver disease in childhood", MacSween's Pathology of the Liver (Sixth Edition), Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 101–156, ISBN 978-0-7020-3398-8, retrieved 2021-01-26

[HoeffelAzizi2006-7] Hoeffel, Christine; Azizi, Louisa; Lewin, Maité; Laurent, Valérie; Aubé, Christophe; Arrivé, Lionel; Tubiana, Jean-Michel (2006). "Normal and Pathologic Features of the Postoperative Biliary Tract at 3D MR Cholangiopancreatography and MR Imaging". RadioGraphics. 26 (6): 1603–1620. doi:10.1148/rg.266055730. ISSN 0271-5333. PMID 17102039.

[8] Katz, Seth S. (2017-01-01), Jarnagin, William R. (ed.), "Chapter 18 - Computed tomography of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas", Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 2-Volume Set (Sixth Edition), Philadelphia: Elsevier, pp. 316–357.e6, ISBN 978-0-323-34062-5, retrieved 2021-01-26

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