French Workers' Party

French Workers' Party

Parti Ouvrier Français
French Workers' Party Parti Ouvrier Français
Founders	Jules Guesde; Paul Lafargue
Founded	1880; 145 years ago
Dissolved	1902; 123 years ago
Split from	Federation of the Socialist Workers of France
Merged into	Socialist Party of France
Ideology	Socialism; Marxism
Political position	Left-wing
Colours	Red
	Politics of France; Political parties; Elections;

The French Workers' Party (French: Parti Ouvrier Français, POF) was the French socialist party created in 1880 by Jules Guesde and Paul Lafargue, Karl Marx's son-in-law (famous for having written The Right to Be Lazy, which criticized work as such, criticizing heavily liberal moral frameworks of "Right to Work"). A revolutionary party, it had as aim to abolish capitalism and replace it with a communist society.

The party originated with a secession from Federation of the Socialist Workers' Party of France, which was founded in 1879, after a split with Paul Brousse's possibilists. The party's programme, written by Guesde with input from Marx, Lafargue and Friedrich Engels, was approved at the opening congress.^[1] The party officially became the POF in 1893.

In 1902, the party merged with the Blanquist Central Revolutionary Committee to form the Socialist Party of France and finally merged in 1905 with Jean Jaurès' French Socialist Party to form the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO). Marcel Cachin, who would lead the split in 1920 which led to the creation of the French Communist Party and edited L'Humanité newspaper, became a member of the POF in 1891.

The Nord, Pas-de-Calais, Loire and Allier were the principal bastions of POF electoral strength.

Principal members

Jules Guesde (1845–1922), founding member and elected deputy
Paul Lafargue (1842–1911), son-in-law of Karl Marx and elected deputy
Marcel Cachin (1869–1958), member from 1891, led the SFIO Tours split in 1920, future director of L'Humanité
Alexandre Bracke-Desrousseaux [fr] (1861–1955), professor (Greek Philosophy) and future elected deputy for the SFIO
Alexandre Zévaès [fr] (1873–1953), elected deputy Isère (1898–1910)
Bernard Cadenat (1853–1930), shoemaker, elected deputy Bouches-du-Rhône (1898–1919 and 1924–1930) and mayor of Marseille (1910–1912)
Ulysse Pastre (1864–1930), researcher and elected deputy Gard (1898–1910)
Jean-Baptiste Bénézech [fr] (1852–1909), printer, elected deputy Hérault (1898–1909) and president of the typography workers union
René Chauvin [fr] (1860–1936), barber, elected deputy Seine (1893–1898) and founder of the coiffeurs workers union who quit the SFIO in 1914 to found a small workers party promoing a return to class war
Hubert Lagardelle (1875–1968), revolutionary syndicalist
Prosper Ferrero [fr], elected deputy for Marseille in 1898–1910, mayor of Toulon (1893) and vice president of the General Council (1914–1915)
Jean Bertrand, elected deputy for Corbeil
Pierre Mélin (1863–1929) luthier, vice president of the Valenciennes's Labour Court and elected deputy
Georges Vacher de Lapouge (1854–1936), antisemitic anthropologist and eugenist, Attorney of the Republic and professor

References

^ Moss, Bernard H. (1976). The Origins of the French Labor movement 1830-1914: the socialism of skilled workers. London: University of California press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-520-02982-8.

Bibliography

French

C. Willard C. (1965). Le Mouvement socialiste en France, 1893-1905. Les guesdistes. Ed. sociales.
J. Verlhac (1997). La formation de l’unité socialiste (1898-1905). L'Harmattan. Reissue of a memoir published in 1947

External links

"Sur le POF à Reims, un mémoire de maîtrise".
"Le programme du Parti ouvrier français (1880)".
Collection of Jules Guesde's writings". Marxists.org"].
"Collection of Paul Lafargue's writings". Marxists.org].
"Socialist Party of France. 1871-1905: history"^{[permanent dead link‍]}.

[1] Moss, Bernard H. (1976). The Origins of the French Labor movement 1830-1914: the socialism of skilled workers. London: University of California press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-520-02982-8.

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