Municipally, Kurchaloy is incorporated as Kurchaloyevsky urban settlement. It is the administrative center of the municipality and is the only settlement included in it.[5] Kurchaloy is also the administrative center of Kurchaloyevsky District.[6]
Geography
Map of Kurchaloyevsky District with Kurchaloy highlighted
The town of Kurchaloy is located in the foothill plains, on the right bank of the Gumsa, a tributary of the Sunzha. It is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of the town of Gudermes and 32 kilometres (20 mi) south-east of the city of Grozny.
The name of the Chechen teip"Kurchaloy" laid the basis for the name of the city of Kurchaloy.[8]
The ancient village of Kurchal is located in the mountains of the Vedeno region, founded in the 13th century.[9]
Also, the village of Kurchaloy was located on the Gekhi River, which flows into the Sunzha, just north of the village of Alkhan-Yurt. The old village of Kurchaloy was destroyed during the Caucasian War, on 12 April 1826.[10][11]
According to A. P. Berger for 1850, Kurchaloy is a large settlement.[12]
In 1944, after the genocide and deportation of the Chechen and Ingush people and the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was abolished, the village of Kurchaloy was renamed to Chkalovo, after Valery Chkalov, and settled by people from other ethnic groups.[13] From 1944 to 1957, it was a part of the Grozny Oblast.
In 1957, when the Vaynakh people returned and the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was restored, the village regained its old name, Kurchaloy.[14]
City status
Until gaining city status in January 2019, Kurchaloy was the largest rural settlement in Chechnya.
On 13 February 2018, it was reported that the Chechen government intended to give the village of Kurchaloy the status of a town, and to include the nearby settlement of Mayrtup in it.
On 4 October 2018, the process of converting the village of Kurchaloy into a town began. However, Mayrtup was not to be included into Kurchaloy.[15]
On 29 December 2018, the law was passed which confirmed that Kurchaloy would become a town.[16] The law came into force on 9 January 2019.
According to the results of the 2010 Census, the majority of residents of Kurchaloy (22,669 or 99,76%) were ethnic Chechens.
Economy
The economy of Kurchaloy is dominated by agriculture, mostly the cultivation of crops and sugar beets. Most of the existing agricultural processing enterprises were damaged or destroyed during the Chechen Wars.
There is one electro-mechanical plant in Kurchaloy, which produces energy-saving lighting equipment. The plant started its operations on 1 January 2013 and produces universal LED lights.
Президент Чеченской Республики. Указ №500 от 30 ноября 2005 г. «Об утверждении перечня субъектов административно-территориального устройства Чеченской Республики». Вступил в силу 30 ноября 2005 г.. Опубликован: База данных "Консультант-плюс". (President of the Chechen Republic. Decree #500 of November 30, 2005 On Adopting the List of the Entities Within the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Chechen Republic. Effective as of November 30, 2005.).
Парламент Чеченской Республики. Закон №13-РЗ от 20 февраля 2009 г. «Об образовании муниципального образования Курчалоевский район и муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав, установлении их границ и наделении их соответствующим статусом муниципального района и сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №21-РЗ от 28 июня 2010 г «О внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Чеченской Республики». Вступил в силу по истечении 10 дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вести Республики", №34 (966), 26 февраля 2009 г. (Parliament of the Chechen Republic. Law #13-RZ of February 20, 2009 On Establishing the Municipal Formation of Kurchaloyevsky District and the Municipal Formations It Comprises, on Establishing Their Borders, and on Granting Them the Status of a Municipal District and Rural Settlement, as amended by the Law #21-RZ of June 28, 2010 On Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Chechen Republic. Effective as of after 10 days from the official publication date have passed.).
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