Nuphar japonica

Nuphar japonica
	Nuphar japonica; Botanical Gardens Faculty of Science Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Order:	Nymphaeales
Family:	Nymphaeaceae
Genus:	Nuphar
Section:	Nuphar sect. Nuphar
Species:	N. japonica
Binomial name
	Nuphar japonica; DC., 1821
Synonyms
	List Nymphaea japonica (DC.) G.Lawson ; Nymphozanthus japonicus (DC.) Fernald ; Nuphar japonica var. crenata Casp. ; Nuphar japonica subvar. lutea Casp. ; Nuphar japonica f. rubrotincta (Casp.) Kitam. ; Nuphar japonica var. rubrotincta (Casp.) Ohwi ; Nuphar japonica subvar. rubrotincta Casp. ; Nuphar japonica var. stenophylla Miki ; Nuphar subintegerrima f. rubrotincta (Casp.) Makino;

Nuphar japonica, known as East Asian yellow water-lily,^[2] is a perennial,^[3] aquatic, rhizomatous,^[1] herb^[4] in the family Nymphaeaceae native to Japan, Korea, and Russia.^[1]

Nuphar japonica is one of three species in the genus Nuphar that is dispersed in the same geographical location of the Saijo Basin, an area in the Hiroshima Prefecture of Japan.^[5]

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Nuphar japonica is a perennial,^[3] aquatic, rhizomatous,^[1] herb^[4] with 1–3 cm thick rhizomes.^[6]^[7] The leaves are submerged,^[8]^[4] floating, or emerged.^[7] The leaf blade is 12–35 cm long, and 6–18 cm wide.^[6] The terete petiole^[9] is 3–10(–14) mm wide.^[7]

Generative characteristics

The yellow to red,^[3] solitary,^[4] 4–5 cm wide flowers^[10] have a long, cylindrical peduncle.^[4] The flowers have five sepals^[11] and 10–18 petals.^[12] The gynoecium consists of 15–16 carpels.^[11] The 2–3.5 cm long,^[7] and 1.6–2.3 cm wide, urceolate, green, long-necked fruit^[6] bears ovoid seeds.^[7]

Cytology

The chromosome count is 2n = 34.^[13]

Taxonomy

It was published by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1821.^[11]^[1] It is placed in the section Nuphar sect. Nuphar.^[14]

Natural hybrids

Nuphar × saijoensis (Shimoda) Padgett is a natural hybrid between Nuphar japonica and Nuphar pumila.^[15]

Etymology

The specific epithet japonica means of Japan.^[16]^[17]

Phytochemistry

N. japonica contains the alkaloids nupharidin, 1-desoxynupharidin, nupharamine, methyl and ethyl esters of nupharamine. The fruits also contains the alkaloids (0.06%) nupharine, beta-nupharidin, desoxynupharidin. In the rhizomes are found the steroid sitosterol, alkaloids acids, higher fatty acids (palmitic, oleic acid) and the ellagitanins nupharin A, B,^[18] C, D, E and F.^[19]

Ecology

Habitat

It occurs in lakes, ponds, and streams.^[6]

Use

It is grown as an ornamental plant in aquaria,^[8]^[20]^[10] as well as in ponds.^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Nuphar japonica DC". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
^ English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 549. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2017 – via Korea Forest Service.
^ ^a ^b ^c Nuphar japonica Japanese pond lily. (n.d.). Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/70319/wd/details
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Nuphar japonicum Nénuphar du Japon. (n.d.). B-Aqua. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.b-aqua.com/pages/plantsfiche.aspx?id=1361
^ Kondo, Toshiaki; Watanabe, Sonoko; Shiga, Takashi; Isagi, Yuji (2016). "Microsatellite markers for Nuphar japonica (Nymphaeaceae), an aquatic plant in the agricultural ecosystem of Japan". Applications in Plant Sciences. 4 (12). doi:10.3732/apps.1600082. ISSN 2168-0450. PMC 5238700. PMID 28101435.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Wiart, C. (2021). Medicinal Plants in the Asia Pacific for Zoonotic Pandemics: Family Amborellaceae to Vitaceae. Volume 1. p. 8. Vereinigtes Königreich: CRC Press.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Schou, J. C., Moeslund, B., Weyer, K. v. d., Wiegleb, G., Lansdown, R. V., Holm, P., Baastrup-Spohr, L., Sand-Jensen, K. (2023). Aquatic Plants of Northern and Central Europe Including Britain and Ireland. p. 77. USA: Princeton University Press.
^ ^a ^b Nuphar japonica - Japanische Teichrose. (n.d.). Flowgrow. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.flowgrow.de/db/wasserpflanzen/nuphar-japonica
^ Padgett, D. J. (2003). Phenetic studies in Nuphar Sm.(Nymphaeaceae): variation in sect. Nuphar. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 239, 187-197.
^ ^a ^b ^c Breukel, H. (n.d.). Nuphar japonica DC. - Japanische Teichrose. Seerosenforum.de Das Portal Der Seerose. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.seerosenforum.de/Gattung/Nuphar/NupharJaponica/NupharJaponica.aspx
^ ^a ^b ^c Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de. (1818). Regni vegetabilis systema naturale, sive Ordines, genera et species plantarum secundum methodi naturalis normas digestarum et descriptarum (Vol. 2, p. 62). sumptibus sociorum Treuttel et Würtz. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39511900
^ Wilstermann-Hildebrand, M. (n.d.). Nuphar - Mummeln oder Teichrosen. Heimbiotop. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://heimbiotop.de/nuphar.html
^ Pellicer, J., Kelly, L. J., Magdalena, C., & Leitch, I. J. (2013). Insights into the dynamics of genome size and chromosome evolution in the early diverging angiosperm lineage Nymphaeales (water lilies). Genome, 56(8), 437-449.
^ USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=105025. Accessed 1 February 2025.
^ Nuphar × saijoensis (Shimoda) Padgett & Shimoda. (n.d.). Plants of the World Online. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77089495-1
^ Aucuba japonica. (n.d.). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/aucuba-japonica/
^ Fatsia japonica. (n.d.). Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=276608
^ Tannins and Related Compounds. LXXV. : Isolation and Characterization of Novel Diastereoisomeric Ellagitannins, Nupharins A and B, and Their Homologues from Nuphar japonicum DC. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 25 January 1989, volume 37, issue 1, pages 129-134 (abstract)
^ Tannins and Related Compounds. LXXIX. Isolation and Characterization of Novel Dimeric and Trimeric Hydrolyzable Tannins, Nuphrins C, D, E and F, from Nuphar japonicum DC. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 25 June 1989, volume 37, issue 7, pages 1735-1743 (abstract)
^ Die Japanische Teichrose - Nuphar japonica. (2020, November 16). Aquarium Ratgeber. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.aquarium-ratgeber.com/aquarienpflanzen/pflanzen-vz/wpflanzen/teichrose-japanische/

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[POWO_a-1] "Nuphar japonica DC". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 12 August 2023.

[2] English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 549. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2017 – via Korea Forest Service.

[RHS-3] Nuphar japonica Japanese pond lily. (n.d.). Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/70319/wd/details

[B-Aqua-4] Nuphar japonicum Nénuphar du Japon. (n.d.). B-Aqua. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.b-aqua.com/pages/plantsfiche.aspx?id=1361

[5] Kondo, Toshiaki; Watanabe, Sonoko; Shiga, Takashi; Isagi, Yuji (2016). "Microsatellite markers for Nuphar japonica (Nymphaeaceae), an aquatic plant in the agricultural ecosystem of Japan". Applications in Plant Sciences. 4 (12). doi:10.3732/apps.1600082. ISSN 2168-0450. PMC 5238700. PMID 28101435.

[Wiart,_2021-6] Wiart, C. (2021). Medicinal Plants in the Asia Pacific for Zoonotic Pandemics: Family Amborellaceae to Vitaceae. Volume 1. p. 8. Vereinigtes Königreich: CRC Press.

[Schou_et_al.,_2023-7] Schou, J. C., Moeslund, B., Weyer, K. v. d., Wiegleb, G., Lansdown, R. V., Holm, P., Baastrup-Spohr, L., Sand-Jensen, K. (2023). Aquatic Plants of Northern and Central Europe Including Britain and Ireland. p. 77. USA: Princeton University Press.

[Flowgrow-8] Nuphar japonica - Japanische Teichrose. (n.d.). Flowgrow. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.flowgrow.de/db/wasserpflanzen/nuphar-japonica

[Padgett,_2003-9] Padgett, D. J. (2003). Phenetic studies in Nuphar Sm.(Nymphaeaceae): variation in sect. Nuphar. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 239, 187-197.

[Seerosenforum-10] Breukel, H. (n.d.). Nuphar japonica DC. - Japanische Teichrose. Seerosenforum.de Das Portal Der Seerose. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.seerosenforum.de/Gattung/Nuphar/NupharJaponica/NupharJaponica.aspx

[Candolle,_1821-11] Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de. (1818). Regni vegetabilis systema naturale, sive Ordines, genera et species plantarum secundum methodi naturalis normas digestarum et descriptarum (Vol. 2, p. 62). sumptibus sociorum Treuttel et Würtz. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39511900

[Heimbiotop-12] Wilstermann-Hildebrand, M. (n.d.). Nuphar - Mummeln oder Teichrosen. Heimbiotop. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://heimbiotop.de/nuphar.html

[Pellicer_et_al.,_2013-13] Pellicer, J., Kelly, L. J., Magdalena, C., & Leitch, I. J. (2013). Insights into the dynamics of genome size and chromosome evolution in the early diverging angiosperm lineage Nymphaeales (water lilies). Genome, 56(8), 437-449.

[14] USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=105025. Accessed 1 February 2025.

[POWO_b-15] Nuphar × saijoensis (Shimoda) Padgett & Shimoda. (n.d.). Plants of the World Online. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77089495-1

[16] Aucuba japonica. (n.d.). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/aucuba-japonica/

[17] Fatsia japonica. (n.d.). Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=276608

[18] Tannins and Related Compounds. LXXV. : Isolation and Characterization of Novel Diastereoisomeric Ellagitannins, Nupharins A and B, and Their Homologues from Nuphar japonicum DC. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 25 January 1989, volume 37, issue 1, pages 129-134 (abstract)

[19] Tannins and Related Compounds. LXXIX. Isolation and Characterization of Novel Dimeric and Trimeric Hydrolyzable Tannins, Nuphrins C, D, E and F, from Nuphar japonicum DC. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 25 June 1989, volume 37, issue 7, pages 1735-1743 (abstract)

[Aquarium_Ratgeber-20] Die Japanische Teichrose - Nuphar japonica. (2020, November 16). Aquarium Ratgeber. Retrieved February 1, 2025, from https://www.aquarium-ratgeber.com/aquarienpflanzen/pflanzen-vz/wpflanzen/teichrose-japanische/

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