Olga Aleksandrovna Matveevskaya (Russian: Ольга Александровна Матвеевская, born 1882) was a Russian educator and politician. In 1917 she was one of the ten women elected to the Constituent Assembly, the country's first female parliamentarians.

Born in 1882, Matveevskaya grew up in a middle-class family and was educated at home.^[1] She later worked as a teacher in Pryluky. She joined the Socialist Revolutionary Party and was under police supervision since 1907, later being exiled to Arkhangelsk.^[1]

In 1917 she was a Socialist-Revolutionary candidate in Oryol in the Constituent Assembly elections, and was one of ten women elected to the legislature.^[2] She later died in a prison or prison camp.^[3]

[[Category:20th-century Russian women educators