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彩通

彩通
Pantone
公司類型上市公司 编辑维基数据
成立 美国
1962年 (1962)
創辦人勞倫斯·赫伯特(Lawrence Herbert
代表人物榮恩·波特史蓋(Ron Potesky
總部 美国新澤西州卡爾士達特市
業務範圍全球
产业開發和研究色彩
產品印刷數碼技術紡織塑膠建築室內設計
母公司愛色麗英语X-Rite
网站www.pantone.com

彩通(英語:Pantone LLC,又譯潘通[1])總部位於美國新澤西州卡爾士達特市(Carlstadt, NJ),是一家專門開發和研究色彩而聞名全球的權威機構,也是色彩系統的供應商,提供許多行業包括印刷及其他關于顏色如數碼技術紡織塑膠建築以及室內設計等的專業色彩選擇和精確的交流語言。

彩通於1962年由現任公司董事長、總裁兼執行長劳伦斯·赫伯特(Lawrence Herbert)所收購,當時只是為化妝品公司生產顏色卡的小公司。赫伯特於1963年推出第一本的「彩通配色系統」色標。

2007年10月,色彩管理與設備公司愛色麗英语X-RiteX-Rite)以1.8億美元收購彩通為全資子公司[2]

2000年開始,彩通每年都會選出年度顏色[3]

彩通配色系統

彩通色彩光谱
由黄色(Yellow)到橙色(Orange)
由橙色(Orange)到红色(Red)

彩通配色系統(PANTONE MATCHING SYSTEM,簡稱PMS)是選擇、確定、配對和控制油墨色彩方面的權威性國際參照標準。其中的《彩通配方指南》由大量每頁約6×2或15×5公分的薄卡紙,單面印有一系列相關的顏色、彩通顏色編號及其混色配方,裝訂成一本長條形可翻開成扇形的小冊子,因油墨會隨時間或經常翻閱而退色,所以彩通每年更新配色系統的版本。以2005年版本為例,其分為三冊並印於光面铜版纸胶版纸哑面铜版纸上,共有1,114種顏色。

平面設計師從彩通配色系統中挑選了一個指定顏色(舉例PMS655深藍)交印刷廠付印,印刷廠需按本身設備及油墨調製出產品與指定顏色一致的顏色,當然設計師與印刷廠需採用相同年份版本的彩通配色系統,因不同版本相同編號的顏色會有輕微的差別。

人們常誤以為「彩通」是色彩管理系統,大部分家用或辦公室的彩色印表機是採用CMYK系統,而彩通則為油墨混色配方,在印刷行業通稱為專色,所以「彩通」不屬於RGB(螢幕顏色)或CMYK(四色印刷)的色域,而是用於延伸更多可供印刷的顏色(包括金屬色英语Metallic color夜光色)。

彩通配色系統因應不同的用途而發展出不同的產品,較出名的包括:

平面設計

  1. 彩通配方指南
  2. 彩通專色色票
  3. 彩通色階
  4. 彩通金屬色配方指南
  5. 彩通粉彩色配方指南
  6. 彩通四色疊印指南套裝

服裝和家居

  1. 彩通服裝和家居色彩手冊 - 棉布版
  2. 彩通服裝和家居色彩指南

塑膠

  1. 彩通塑膠不透明色與透明色選色手冊
  2. 彩通塑膠選色片

日常使用

蘇格蘭旗
一个由新加坡政府委托设计的标志,用于庆祝新加坡独立50周年。该标志的使用说明将其描述为潘通红色032以及白色。[4]

彩通顏色以編號指示顏色更用於法律指定用途,特別是用於指定旗幟的顏色。2003年1月蘇格蘭議會辯論編號PE512的議案是訂定蘇格蘭X字形旗的底色為PMS300藍色。而加拿大南韓亦以彩通顏色作為生產國旗時的指引。

彩通聲稱擁有其彩通顏色編號及配方的知識產權,自由取用是不被允許的。所以彩通顏色並不受开放源代码軟體GIMP支援,在其他低檔的軟體亦不常見。但仍有印刷廠印製彩通顏色色標免費送給客戶。彩通亦宣佈擁有其開發的高保真六色色彩系統(Hexachrome Color System)的專利權。

其他常用的顏色標示還有由瑞典開發的NCS色票Natural Color System)、德國RAL色票Reichsausschuß für Lieferbedingungen)及日本DIC色票日语DICカラーガイド大日本油墨化工日语DIC (企業))等。

年度代表色

自2000年起,[5][6]彩通色彩研究所(英語:Pantone Color Institute)每年都会选出一款特定颜色作为“年度代表色”。彩通每年会两次在欧洲某一首都城市举办秘密会议,邀请各国色彩标准组织的代表参加。经过两天的演讲和辩论,他们会选出下一年的代表色;例如,2013年夏季的代表色是在2012年春季于伦敦选出的。[7]

据说,所选出的颜色与时代精神息息相关;[8]例如,彩通在宣布金银花(Honeysuckle)为2011年代表色的新闻稿中表示:“在压力之下,我们需要一些东西来振奋精神。金银花(Honeysuckle)是一种迷人、刺激的颜色,能够让人肾上腺素飙升——是驱散忧郁的完美选择。”[9]会议结果会发布在《彩通观点》(Pantone View)中,时装设计师、花艺师和许多其他面向消费者的公司都会购买该出版物,以帮助指导他们未来产品的设计和规划。[7]2016年和2021年,彩通分别选择了两种颜色作为年度代表色。

2000
蔚蓝色
(Cerulean)
Pantone 15-4020

2001
紫红玫瑰
(Fuchsia Rose)
Pantone 17-2031

2002
正红
(True Red)
Pantone 19-1664

2003
水色天空
(Aqua Sky)
Pantone 14-4811

2004
虎皮百合
(Tigerlily)
Pantone 17-1456

2005
蓝绿松石
(Blue Turquoise)
Pantone 15-5217

2006
沙金色
(Sand Dollar)
Pantone 13-1106

2007
辣椒红
(Chili Pepper)
Pantone 19-1557

2008
鸢尾蓝
(Blue Iris)
Pantone 18-3943

2009
含羞草黄
(Mimosa)
Pantone 14-0848

2010
松石绿英语Turquoise
(Turquoise)
Pantone 15-5519[10]

2011
忍冬红
(Honeysuckle)
Pantone 18-2120[11]

2012
探戈橘
(Tangerine Tango)
Pantone 17-1463[12]

2013
翡翠绿
(Emerald)
Pantone 17-5641[13]

2014
璀璨紫兰花
(Radiant Orchid)
Pantone 18-3224[14]

2015
玛萨拉酒红
(Marsala)
Pantone 18-1438[15]

2016
玫瑰石英粉红[16]
(Rose Quartz)
Pantone 13-1520[17]

2016
宁静粉蓝[16]
(Serenity)
Pantone 15-3919[17]

2017
草木绿[18]
(Greenery)
Pantone 15-0343[19]

2018
紫外光色[20]
(Ultra Violet)
Pantone 18-3838[21]

2019
珊瑚橘[22]
(Living Coral)
Pantone 16-1546[23]

2020
经典蓝[24]
(Classic Blue)
Pantone 19-4052[25]

2021
极致灰[26]
(Ultimate Gray)
Pantone 17-5104[27]

2021
亮丽黄[26]
(Illuminating)
Pantone 13-0647[27]

2022
长春花蓝[28]
(Very Peri)
Pantone 17-3938[29]

2023
非凡洋红[30]
(Viva Magenta)
Pantone 18-1750[31]

2024
柔和桃[32]
(Peach Fuzz)
Pantone 13-1023[33]

2012年,年度代表色探戈橘(Tangerine Tango)被用于与丝芙兰(Sephora)合作推出的彩妆系列。[34]该产品系列名为“丝芙兰+彩通宇宙系列”(Sephora + Pantone Universe collection),包括探戈橘(Tangerine Tango)色的假睫毛、指甲油、面霜、闪粉和高显色唇彩。[35]据报道,2013年的翡翠绿(Emerald)超出了sRGB色域。[36]此外,2022年的全新代表色长春花蓝(Very Peri)以TCX(染色棉布参考,英語:dyed cotton reference)和TPG(纺织纸-“绿色”,英語:Textile Paper – "Green"[37])形式呈现,此处列出了sRGB十六进制值的TCX。

彩通色彩研究所执行董事、年度代表色背后的推手利特里斯·艾斯曼英语Leatrice_Eiseman(Leatrice Eiseman)在一次采访中解释了2014年年度代表色兰花紫(Radiant Orchid)是如何被选中的:

我会寻找上升的色彩趋势,即使用范围比以前更广、应用场景比以前更丰富的颜色……就兰花紫(Radiant Orchid)而言,它来自紫色系,紫色是一种神奇的颜色,代表着创造力和创新。紫色就是这样一种复杂、有趣、迷人的颜色……紫色的背景故事是,它激发了你对自身创造力的信心,而我们生活在一个极度推崇这种创造性创新的世界。在色彩世界中,紫色引人注目,并且具有意义。它能与人对话,我们认为是时候赞美紫色系了。这就是我们选择兰花紫(Radiant Orchid)这种特殊色调的原因。

——利特里斯·艾斯曼英语Leatrice_Eiseman(Leatrice Eiseman)[38]

彩通曾表示,颜色“一直是文化表达时代态度和情感的组成部分”。[6]

參見

參考文獻

  1. ^ 潘通(Pantone)公布2019年度代表色:活珊瑚橘. 标志情报局. 2018-12-07 [2019-03-08]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-11) (中文(中国大陆)). 
  2. ^ Pantone US$180m Acquisition Completion For X-Rite: News from X-Rite, Printing talk, (原始内容存档于2008-12-02) .
  3. ^ Trend forecasting – Celebrate color: Color by decade infographic from Pantone.com. Pantone. [August 17, 2017]. (原始内容存档于2018-03-23). 
  4. ^ Celebrating the Little Red Dot, SG50 Programme Office, 2015, (原始内容存档于March 18, 2015) .
  5. ^ Trend forecasting – Celebrate color: Color by decade infographic from Pantone.com. Pantone. [August 17, 2017]. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Eiseman, Lee; Recker, Keith. Celebrate color: 50 years in color (infographic). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 2013 [December 7, 2014]. (原始内容存档于June 23, 2017). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Vanderbilt, Tom. Sneaking into Pantone HQ. Slate. April 27, 2012 [January 13, 2019]. 
  8. ^ Ibrahim, Banu. Pantone's color of the year is a calming start to 2020. CNN Underscored. December 5, 2019 [April 8, 2020] (英语). 
  9. ^ Pantone reveals color of the year for 2011: Pantone 18-2120 Honeysuckle (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 2010-12-09. 
  10. ^ Color of the year 2010: Pantone 15-5519 Turquoise (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  11. ^ Color of the year 2011: Pantone 18-2120 Honeysuckle (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  12. ^ Color of the year 2012: Pantone 17-1463 Tangerine Tango (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  13. ^ Color of the year 2013: Pantone 17-5641 Emerald (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  14. ^ Color of the year 2014: Pantone 18-3324 Radiant Orchid (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  15. ^ Color of the year 2015: Pantone 18-1438 Marsala (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 Pantone. Color of the Year 2016. www.pantonecn.com. [2024-10-08] (中文). 
  17. ^ 17.0 17.1 Color of the year 2016: Pantone 13-1520 Rose Quartz & Pantone 15-3919 Serenity (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  18. ^ Pantone. Pantone公布2017年度流行色_草木绿. www.pantonecn.com. [2024-10-08] (中文). 
  19. ^ Color of the year 2017: Pantone 15-0343 Greenery (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  20. ^ Pantone. Pantone公布2018年度流行色_紫外光色. www.pantonecn.com. [2024-10-08] (中文). 
  21. ^ Color of the year 2018: Pantone 18-3838 Ultra Violet (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  22. ^ Pantone. Pantone公布2019年度流行色_珊瑚橘. www.pantonecn.com. [2024-10-08] (中文). 
  23. ^ Color of the year 2019: Pantone 16-1546 Living Coral (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  24. ^ Pantone. https://www.pantone.com/hk/tc/articles/color-of-the-year/color-of-the-year-2020. Pantone. [2024-10-08].  外部链接存在于|title= (帮助)
  25. ^ Color of the year 2020: Pantone 19-4052 Classic Blue (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  26. ^ 26.0 26.1 Pantone. https://www.pantone.com/hk/tc/articles/color-of-the-year/color-of-the-year-2021. Pantone. [2024-10-08].  外部链接存在于|title= (帮助)
  27. ^ 27.0 27.1 Announcing the Pantone color of the year 2021: Pantone 17-5104 Ultimate Gray (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  28. ^ Pantone. https://www.pantone.com/hk/tc/color-of-the-year-2022. Pantone. [2024-10-08].  外部链接存在于|title= (帮助)
  29. ^ Announcing the Pantone color of the year 2022: Pantone 17-3938 Very Peri (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  30. ^ Pantone. https://www.pantone.com/hk/tc/color-of-the-year/2023. Pantone. [2024-10-08].  外部链接存在于|title= (帮助)
  31. ^ Announcing the Pantone color of the year 2023: Pantone 18-1750 Viva Magenta (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  32. ^ Pantone. https://www.pantone.com/hk/tc/color-of-the-year/2024. Pantone. [2024-10-08].  外部链接存在于|title= (帮助)
  33. ^ Announcing the Pantone color of the year 2024: Pantone 13-1023 Peach Fuzz (新闻稿). Carlstadt, NJ: Pantone. 
  34. ^ Hutchings, Emma. Pantone teams up with Sephora to create a color-saturated makeup line. PSFK. March 23, 2012 [March 23, 2012]. [永久失效連結]
  35. ^ Sragovic, Ana. Orange crush: Sephora and Pantone team up for an NYC pop-up shop. Vogue. March 21, 2012 [March 23, 2012]. (原始内容存档于March 23, 2012). 
  36. ^ Color of the year for 2013 falls outside sRGB gamut. Nanosys (blog). December 11, 2012 [November 5, 2021] (美国英语). 
  37. ^ Pantone numbering explained. pantone.com. Pantone. [2021-12-11] (英语). 
  38. ^ Eiseman, L. Lee Eiseman, Executive Director, Pantone Color Institute. Signazon. Spotlight. [January 24, 2014]. (原始内容存档于January 17, 2014). 

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Canal in northeastern France Canal de l'OurcqLocation of the Canal de l'Ourcq in relation to Paris and the rivers Marne and Seine (from the European Waterways Map & Directory, 5th ed., Transmanche)SpecificationsLength108.1 km (67.2 mi)Locks5HistoryDate approved1802Date completed1822GeographyStart pointPort-aux-Perches near the village of TroesnesEnd pointBassin de la VilletteConnects toOurcq, Canal Saint-Martin Canal de l'Ourcqclass=notpageimage| Location of the junction of the thr…

Ensemble of festive practices during Purim Main article: Purim Purim spiel performance in the Jewish Theatre of Warsaw, Poland in March 2009 A Purim spiel (also spelled Purimshpil, Yiddish: פּורימשפּיל, from Yiddish shpil 'game, play', see also spiel) or Purim play is an ensemble of festive practices for Purim. It is usually a comic dramatization of the Book of Esther, the central text and narrative that describes what transpired on Purim and why it is celebrated as an i…

2009 concert tour by Kylie Minogue For You, For MeNorth American tour by Kylie MinogueStart date30 September 2009 (2009-09-30)End date13 October 2009 (2009-10-13)Legs1No. of shows9Box office$3.1 million ($4.4 million in 2023 dollars)[1]Kylie Minogue concert chronology KylieX2008(2008) For You, for Me(2009) Aphrodite: Les Folies Tour(2011) For You, for Me (promoted as KylieUSA2009) was the eleventh concert tour by Australian singer Kylie Minogue.[2] T…

Disambiguazione – Se stai cercando altri significati, vedi Firma (programmazione) o Signature. Firma di Napoleone La firma è la sottoscrizione del proprio nome, o di uno pseudonimo, per chiudere un'opera d'arte o una scrittura, confermarla o renderne noto l'autore.[1] Per questo motivo caratteristiche fondamentali della firma sono la sua unicità e il suo carattere personale. Il termine deriva dalla parola latina firmus, nel senso di definito, inamovibile. Indice 1 Descrizione 1.1…

Roti tissueRoti Tisu dan segelas Teh tarikNama lainRoti tisu, tissue prata, roti helikopterJenisPencuci mulutTempat asalMalaysia dan IndonesiaDibuat olehIndia-Malaysia di Malaysia serta India-Indonesia di IndonesiaSunting kotak info • L • BBantuan penggunaan templat ini Roti tisu atau prata tisu adalah roti datar manis yang sering dijual di Warung Mamak Malaysia. Roti ini juga dikenal sebagai roti helikopter. Roti tisu lebih tipis daripada roti canai versi tradisional, setipis sele…

Dandie Dinmont redirects here. For the fictional character, see Guy Mannering. Dog breedDandie Dinmont TerrierThe mustard colour of the Dandie can be any shade including and between reddish brown and fawn.Common nicknamesDandieHindlee TerrierOriginScotlandTraitsHeight 8–11 inches (20–28 cm)Weight 18–24 pounds (8.2–10.9 kg)Coat Rough coatedColour Pepper or mustardLife span 11–13 yearsKennel club standardsThe Kennel Club standardFédération Cynologique Internationale …

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