Pertanyaan Hippocampus Besar adalah sebuah kontroversi saintifik abad ke-19 tentang anatomi kera dan keunikan manusia. Sengketa antara Thomas Henry Huxley dan Richard Owen menjadi pusat perdebatan saintifik soal evolusi manusia yang menyusul penerbitan On the Origin of Species oleh Charles Darwin.

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Owen, C.; Howard, A.; Binder, D. (2009). "Hippocampus minor, calcar avis, and the Huxley-Owen debate". Neurosurgery. 65 (6): 1098–1104; discussion 1104–5. doi:10.1227/01.NEU.0000359535.84445.0B. PMID 19934969.  (subscription required)