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Allothetic
Allothetic means being centred in people or places other than oneself. It has been defined as a process of "determining and maintaining a course or trajectory from one place to another.[1] It can be used as a navigational strategy among animals to aid in their survival.[1] It can also be a source of information for machines, particularly those biologically-inspired models and is provided by a set of laser rangefinders, sonars, or vision.[2] Allothetic is used in navigation models (e.g., of a rat in a maze) as in the phrase "allothetic map" to indicate that a global map, not orientated or centred on the subject was used, rather than idiothetic, which means a navigation system centred on the subject. Directional information may be sourced from familiar reference points such as the sun, stars, or the Earth's magnetic field.[3] Allothetic cues are often employed with idiothetic information to achieve spatial behavior.[2] Their characteristics are complementary such as the way the latter can help address the allothetic information's perceptual aliasing problem, which prevents an animal or a robot from distinguishing two places from each other.[4] Animal navigationAnimals can obtain the so-called pure allothetic navigation once they become familiar with fixed objects at specific locations.[3] Relationships among these objects, particularly permanent and semi-permanent objects, are also critical in guiding the animals' movements.[5] These objects need to be asymmetrical otherwise they will not contain identifiable information about direction.[3] Allothetic navigation in rats uses external cues such as visual, auditory, or olfactory information to help them in foraging resources or for protection against predators.[1] Robot navigationRobot navigation relies on allothetic, and idiothetic information to determine the robot's position in its environment.[6] See alsoReferences
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