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Bryggen Runic inscription 14560°23′53″N 5°19′12″E / 60.398°N 5.32°E
Bryggen inscription 145 (N B145 in Rundata) is a runic inscription on a wooden stick found among the medieval rune-staves of Bergen. It has four sides, and dates to around the year 1200. It is notable not only for containing a rare Skaldic love poem in the form of a complete dróttkvætt stanza, but also a quote from the classical Latin poet Virgil, illustrating the coexistence of native Norse and Classical education in medieval Norway.[1] InscriptionThe lines §A, §B and §D have all been carved by the same hand, while §C appears to have been executed by another, less experienced rune-carver. Transliteration from Scandinavian Runic-text Database (Rundata), with minor changes.[2] §A fe=ll Fell ·
til til ·
friþra=r fríðrar ·
þ(e)=llu þellu ·
fa=rl(e)=gh=ra=r fárligrar ·
m(e)=r mér ·
a=rla árla ·
fiska=ll fiskáls ·
festiba=la festibála ·
fo=rn forn ·
byr byrr hama=r hamar §B no=r=na norna; ·
þæim þeim (u)ihdi lundi ·
he=uir hefir þunda=r Þundar ·
þo=rnluþrs þornlúðrs ·
(e)o=lun·buþa=r jǫlunbúðar ·
g=lo=uma=r glauma ·
gyghia=rto=uma gýgjartauma §C ka=lt=rs galdrs falkha fastliga ·
haldet haldit. ⁓
omnia Omnia :
uinsciþ vincit ·
amo=r Amor, ·
æþ et nos nos c=(c)itam(m)-- cedam[us] ·
amori Amori. ·
§D ga=ld=rs galdrs fasl(e)=gha fastliga ·
haldet haldit. ⁓
omnia Omnia ·
uinciþ vincit ·
amo=r Amor, ·
æþ et ·
nos nos ·
c(e)damus cedamus ·
amori Amori. ·
InterpretationOld West Norse and Latin normalizationNote that lundi is emendated from the nonsensical and metrically faulty uihdi of the inscription.
English translationThe first helmingr (half-verse) is relatively straight forward. It translates (with kennings in brackets):[3]
Simplified, this means:[3]
Finally, the Latin quote at the end is from Eclogue X by Virgil, and means "Love conquers all; let us, too, yield to love!". References
Literature
Information related to Bryggen Runic inscription 145 |
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