Germanium disulfide

Germanium disulfide
	Ball and stick model of crystalline germanium sulfide.
Names
	Systematic IUPAC name Germanium(IV) sulfide
Identifiers
CAS Number	12025-34-2 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	74732 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.031.537
EC Number	234-705-1;
PubChem CID	82816;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2065177 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/GeS2/c2-1-3 Key: YIZVROFXIVWAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/GeS2/c2-1-3 Key: YIZVROFXIVWAAZ-UHFFFAOYAU;
	SMILES S=[Ge]=S;
Properties
Chemical formula	GeS2
Molar mass	136.75 g·mol−1
Appearance	White, translucent crystals
Density	2.94 g cm−3
Melting point	840 °C (1,540 °F; 1,110 K)
Boiling point	1,530 °C (2,790 °F; 1,800 K)
Solubility in water	0.45 g/100 mL
Solubility	soluble in liquid ammonia
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−53.3·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Crystal structure	monoclinic, mP36
Space group	Pc, No. 7
Coordination geometry	tetrahedral at Ge, bent at S
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	50 J /(mol K)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	-150.06 kJ/mol
Related compounds
Related compounds	Carbon disulfide; Germanium dioxide; Germanium diselenide; Germanium monosulfide; Lead disulfide; Silicon sulfide; Tin disulfide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Germanium disulfide or Germanium(IV) sulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula Ge S₂. It is a white high-melting crystalline solid.^[1]^[2] The compound is a 3-dimensional polymer,^[3]^[4] in contrast to silicon disulfide, which is a one-dimensional polymer. The Ge-S distance is 2.19 Å.^[3]

Isolation, production, reactions

Germanium disulfide was first found in samples of argyrodite. The fact that germanium sulfide does not dissolve in aqueous acid facilitated its isolation.^[5]

Germanium disulfide is produced by treating a solution of germanium tetrachloride in a concentrated hydrochloric acid solution with hydrogen sulfide. It precipitates as a white solid.^[6]

It is insoluble in water, it dissolves in aqueous solutions of sodium sulfide owing to the formation of thiogermanates:

GeS₂ + Na₂S → Na₂GeS₃

Natural occurrence

Natural GeS₂ is restricted to fumaroles of some burning coal-mining waste heaps.^[7]

References

^ ^a ^b Johnson, O. H. (1952). "Germanium and its Inorganic Compounds". Chemical Reviews. 51 (3): 431–469. doi:10.1021/cr60160a002.
^ Golubkov, A. V.; Dubrovskii, G. B.; Shelykh, A. I. (1998). "Preparation and properties of GeS₂ single crystals". Semiconductors. 32 (7): 734–735. Bibcode:1998Semic..32..734G. doi:10.1134/1.1187494. S2CID 101832592.
^ ^a ^b Zachariasen, W. H. (1936). "The Crystal Structure of Germanium Disulphide". Journal of Chemical Physics. 4 (9): 618–619. Bibcode:1936JChPh...4..618Z. doi:10.1063/1.1749915.
^ Kulikova, L. F.; Lityagina, L. M.; Zibrov, I. P.; Dyuzheva, T. I.; Nikolaev, N. A.; Brazhkin, V. V. (2014). "High-pressure, high-temperature study of GeS₂ and GeSe₂". Inorg. Mater. 50 (8): 768–774. doi:10.1134/S002016851408010X. S2CID 98354736.
^ Winkler, C. (1886). "Mittheilungen über das Germanium". Journal für Praktische Chemie. 34 (1): 177–229. doi:10.1002/prac.18860340122.
^ P. W. Schenk (1963). "Germanium Disulfide". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 2pages=723-724. NY,NY: Academic Press.
^ "Unnamed (Ge Sulphide)".

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[first-1] Johnson, O. H. (1952). "Germanium and its Inorganic Compounds". Chemical Reviews. 51 (3): 431–469. doi:10.1021/cr60160a002.

[2] Golubkov, A. V.; Dubrovskii, G. B.; Shelykh, A. I. (1998). "Preparation and properties of GeS₂ single crystals". Semiconductors. 32 (7): 734–735. Bibcode:1998Semic..32..734G. doi:10.1134/1.1187494. S2CID 101832592.

[Zachariasen-3] Zachariasen, W. H. (1936). "The Crystal Structure of Germanium Disulphide". Journal of Chemical Physics. 4 (9): 618–619. Bibcode:1936JChPh...4..618Z. doi:10.1063/1.1749915.

[4] Kulikova, L. F.; Lityagina, L. M.; Zibrov, I. P.; Dyuzheva, T. I.; Nikolaev, N. A.; Brazhkin, V. V. (2014). "High-pressure, high-temperature study of GeS₂ and GeSe₂". Inorg. Mater. 50 (8): 768–774. doi:10.1134/S002016851408010X. S2CID 98354736.

[Winkler1-5] Winkler, C. (1886). "Mittheilungen über das Germanium". Journal für Praktische Chemie. 34 (1): 177–229. doi:10.1002/prac.18860340122.

[6] P. W. Schenk (1963). "Germanium Disulfide". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 2pages=723-724. NY,NY: Academic Press.

[7] "Unnamed (Ge Sulphide)".

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Germanium disulfide

Isolation, production, reactions

Natural occurrence

References

Information related to Germanium disulfide

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