Olivellinae

Olivellinae
	Olivella biplicata
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Caenogastropoda
Order:	Neogastropoda
Family:	Olividae
Subfamily:	Olivellinae; Troschel, 1869
Genera
	See text.

Olivellinae, are a subfamily of small predatory sea snails with smooth, shiny, elongated oval-shaped shells, in the family Olividae. The shells sometimes show muted but attractive colors, and may have some patterning.^[1]

These animals are marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Olivoidea, within the order Neogastropoda according to the taxonomy of Bouchet and Rocroi.

Distribution

Olivella snails are found worldwide, but mostly Ecuador in subtropical and tropical seas and oceans.

Habitat and habit

These snails are found on sandy substrates intertidally and subtidally. These snails are all carnivorous sand-burrowers.

Shell description

The shells are basically oval and cylindrical in shape. They have a well-developed stepped spire. Olivella shells have a siphonal notch at the posterior end of the long narrow aperture. The siphon of the living animal protrudes from the siphon notch.

The shell surface is extremely glossy because in life the mantle almost always covers the shell.^[2]^[3]

The fossil record

Olive shells first appeared during the Campanian.^[4]

Genera

Callianax H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
Cupidoliva Iredale, 1924
Olivella Swainson, 1831

Genera brought into synonymy

Dactylidia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Olivella Swainson, 1831
Olivina d'Orbigny, 1841: synonym of Olivella Swainson, 1831

References

^ MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Olivellinae Troschel, 1869. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225405 on 2020-03-18
^ Washington State University Tri-Cities Natural History Museum (2001). Family: Olividae (Olive Shells). Retrieved on 12 July 2006.
^ Vermeij, Geerat J (3 April 1995). A Natural History of Shells. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00167-7. pps. 89, 100, 114.
^ Vermeij, Geerat J (1 September 1993). Evolution and Escalation. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00080-8. p.182.

External links

Kantor Yu.I., Fedosov A.E., Puillandre N., Bonillo C. & Bouchet P. (2017). Returning to the roots: morphology, molecular phylogeny and classification of the Olivoidea (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 180(3): 493-541

[WoRMS-1] MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Olivellinae Troschel, 1869. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225405 on 2020-03-18

[2] Washington State University Tri-Cities Natural History Museum (2001). Family: Olividae (Olive Shells). Retrieved on 12 July 2006.

[3] Vermeij, Geerat J (3 April 1995). A Natural History of Shells. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00167-7. pps. 89, 100, 114.

[4] Vermeij, Geerat J (1 September 1993). Evolution and Escalation. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00080-8. p.182.

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