Paralichthyidae

Large-tooth flounders
	Pacific sanddab, Citharichthys sordidus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Carangiformes
Suborder:	Pleuronectoidei
Family:	Paralichthyidae; Regan, 1910
Type genus
	Paralichthys; Girard, 1858
Genera
	Ancylopsetta; Cephalopsetta; Citharichthys; Cyclopsetta; Etropus; Gastropsetta; Hippoglossina; Paralichthys; Pseudorhombus; Syacium; Tarphops; Tephrinectes; Thysanopsetta; Xystreurys

Large-tooth flounders or sand flounders are a family, Paralichthyidae, of flounders.^[1]^[2] The family contains 14 genera with a total of about 110 species. They lie on the sea bed on their right side; both eyes are always on the left side of the head, while the Pleuronectidae usually (but not always) have their eyes on the right side of the head.^[3]

They are found in temperate and tropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.^[4]

Several species are important commercial and game fishes, notably the California halibut, Paralichthys californicus and the Pacific sanddab, Citharichthys sordidus.

Phylogenetic analyses have long indicated the non-monophyly of this family e.g.,^[5] and two lineages have been consistently apparent. Termed groups, the two groups were named after genera: a Cyclopsetta group and a Pseudorhombus group (see summary in ^[6]). A formal description of Cyclopsettidae in 2019 created this family consisting of four genera: Cyclopsetta, Etropus, Citharichthys, and Syacium corresponding to the previously recognized Cyclopsetta group.^[6] Molecular phylogenetic evidence indicates that Paralichthyidae in this sense is sister to Pleuronectidae and Cyclopsettidae is sister to Bothidae e.g.^[7]