Vapor (web framework)

Vapor
Developer(s)	Tanner Nelson and others
Initial release	January 18, 2016; 9 years ago
Stable release	4.102.1 / July 10, 2024; 6 months ago
Written in	Swift
Operating system	macOS, Ubuntu
Platform	SwiftNIO
Type	Web framework
License	MIT License
Website	vapor.codes

Vapor is an open source web framework written in Swift. It can be used to create RESTful APIs, web apps, and real-time applications using WebSockets. In addition to the core framework, Vapor provides an ORM, a templating language, and packages to facilitate user authentication and authorization.^[4]

Vapor's source code is hosted on GitHub and licensed under the MIT License.^[5] Vapor has been a part of Swift's Server APIs working group since 2016.^[6]^[7]

History

Vapor 0.1.0 was released as a proof of concept for Swift on the server a month after Apple open sourced Swift and began Linux platform support on December 3, 2015.^[8] Vapor 1.0^[9] arrived in September 2016, followed by the release of Vapor 2.0 in May 2017.^[10]

The framework was rewritten for Vapor 3.0^[11] to be built on Apple's non-blocking networking framework SwiftNIO. Vapor 3 was released in May 2018. Apple cited the speed with which Vapor (along with Kitura) adopted the new SwiftNIO framework on the main Swift.org server page.^[12]

Vapor 3's beta period saw educational material published by Packt,^[13]^[14]^[15] Paul Hudson,^[16] Razeware LLC,^[17] and lynda.com.^[18] Vapor was recognized by Swift.org with an official Swift Forum in its inaugural group of Related Projects^[19] in May 2018.

Vapor 4^[20]'s Alpha 1 Release started in May 2019 and the stable version released in April 2020.^[21]

Releases

Version	Release date	Swift version
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.0	Sep 15, 2016	≥ 3.0
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.0	May 17, 2017	≥ 3.1
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.0	May 4, 2018	≥ 4.1
Latest version: 4.0	April 9, 2020	≥ 5.2
Future release: 5.0	TBD	≥ TBD

Legend:	Unsupported version	Old version, still maintained	Latest version	Latest preview version	Future release

Source: Vapor Docs & GitHub Releases.^[22]^[23]

Swift version support

Vapor 4 supports the last 3 minor Swift versions. As of October 27th 2023, this includes Swift 5.7, Swift 5.8 and Swift 5.9.

This meets the standards set out by the Swift Server Workgroup,^[24] of which Vapor is a member^[25]

Features

Vapor supports the following features:^[26]

Async / non-blocking IO
Authentication: basic, bearer, JWT, and password
Cache: Redis and in-memory
Commands / console formatting
Content negotiation: JSON, multipart, and URL-encoded form
Crypto: RNG, ciphers, digests, RSA
Dependency Injection / Inversion of Control^[27]
Fluent ORM: MySQL,^[28] PostgreSQL, MongoDB and SQLite
HTTP client and server
Leaf templating: HTML etc
Logging
URL routing
Validation
WebSocket client and server
Queue jobs

References

^ "Vapor 0.1.0 Release". GitHub. 2016-01-25. Retrieved 2018-04-03.
^ "Server-side Swift Frameworks Comparison". Retrieved 2018-05-24.
^ "Vapor 4.102.1 Release". GitHub. 2023-07-10. Retrieved 2024-07-23.
^ "Vapor GitHub Organization". GitHub. Retrieved 2018-04-03.
^ "vapor/vapor LICENSE at master". GitHub. 2018-02-23. Retrieved 2018-04-03.
^ "Swift Server APIs". 2016-10-25. Archived from the original on 2021-05-10. Retrieved 2018-05-22.
^ "Swift Blog: Server APIs Work Group". 2016-10-25. Retrieved 2018-05-22.
^ "Swift is Open Source". 2015-12-03. Retrieved 2018-04-03.
^ "Vapor 1.0.0 Release". GitHub. 2016-09-15. Retrieved 2018-04-03.
^ "Vapor 2.0.0 Release". GitHub. 2018-05-17. Retrieved 2018-04-03.
^ "Vapor 3.0.0 released". 2018-05-04. Retrieved 2018-05-23.
^ Inc., Apple. "Swift.org". Swift.org. Retrieved 2018-10-04. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
^ Patel, Ankur (2018-03-30). Hands-On Full-Stack Development with Swift. Packt Publishing. ISBN 978-1788625241.
^ Yeung, Angus (2018). Hands-On Server-Side Web Development with Swift: Build dynamic web apps by leveraging two popular Swift web frameworks: Vapor 3.0 and Kitura 2.5. Packt Publishing Ltd. ISBN 9781789345865. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
^ Kuepper, Ralph (2020-03-12). Hands-On Swift 5 Microservice Development. Packt Publishing. ISBN 978-1789530889.
^ Hudson, Paul (2018-03-01). Server-Side Swift (Vapor ed.).
^ Condon, Tim; et al. Server Side Swift with Vapor. Razeware LLC.
^ "Learning Server-Side Swift with Vapor". Archived from the original on 2021-05-09. Retrieved 2018-05-22.
^ "Introducing Related Projects to Swift Forums". 2018-05-10.
^ VAPOR (2019-05-28). "Vapor 4: Alpha 1 Releases Begin". Medium. Retrieved 2019-09-09.
^ "Release Vapor 4.0.0 · vapor/vapor". GitHub. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
^ "GitHub: vapor/vapor Releases". GitHub. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
^ "Vapor Docs: Support". Vapor. Retrieved 2018-05-04.
^ "Swift Server Workgoup".
^ "Swift Server Workgroup Members".
^ "Vapor Docs". docs.vapor.codes. Archived from the original on 2021-07-22. Retrieved 2018-05-22.
^ Elliot, Keith (2016-10-06). Swift 3 New Features. Packt Publishing. ISBN 978-1786462718.
^ Hussain, Shaista; et al. (2018-03-12). Proceedings of the 2018 6th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. Association for Computing Machinery. ISBN 978-1-4503-6348-8.

[1] "Vapor 0.1.0 Release". GitHub. 2016-01-25. Retrieved 2018-04-03.

[2] "Server-side Swift Frameworks Comparison". Retrieved 2018-05-24.

[3] "Vapor 4.102.1 Release". GitHub. 2023-07-10. Retrieved 2024-07-23.

[4] "Vapor GitHub Organization". GitHub. Retrieved 2018-04-03.

[5] "vapor/vapor LICENSE at master". GitHub. 2018-02-23. Retrieved 2018-04-03.

[6] "Swift Server APIs". 2016-10-25. Archived from the original on 2021-05-10. Retrieved 2018-05-22.

[7] "Swift Blog: Server APIs Work Group". 2016-10-25. Retrieved 2018-05-22.

[8] "Swift is Open Source". 2015-12-03. Retrieved 2018-04-03.

[9] "Vapor 1.0.0 Release". GitHub. 2016-09-15. Retrieved 2018-04-03.

[10] "Vapor 2.0.0 Release". GitHub. 2018-05-17. Retrieved 2018-04-03.

[11] "Vapor 3.0.0 released". 2018-05-04. Retrieved 2018-05-23.

[12] Inc., Apple. "Swift.org". Swift.org. Retrieved 2018-10-04. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)

[13] Patel, Ankur (2018-03-30). Hands-On Full-Stack Development with Swift. Packt Publishing. ISBN 978-1788625241.

[14] Yeung, Angus (2018). Hands-On Server-Side Web Development with Swift: Build dynamic web apps by leveraging two popular Swift web frameworks: Vapor 3.0 and Kitura 2.5. Packt Publishing Ltd. ISBN 9781789345865. Retrieved 16 December 2019.

[15] Kuepper, Ralph (2020-03-12). Hands-On Swift 5 Microservice Development. Packt Publishing. ISBN 978-1789530889.

[16] Hudson, Paul (2018-03-01). Server-Side Swift (Vapor ed.).

[17] Condon, Tim; et al. Server Side Swift with Vapor. Razeware LLC.

[18] "Learning Server-Side Swift with Vapor". Archived from the original on 2021-05-09. Retrieved 2018-05-22.

[19] "Introducing Related Projects to Swift Forums". 2018-05-10.

[20] VAPOR (2019-05-28). "Vapor 4: Alpha 1 Releases Begin". Medium. Retrieved 2019-09-09.

[21] "Release Vapor 4.0.0 · vapor/vapor". GitHub. Retrieved 2021-02-15.

[22] "GitHub: vapor/vapor Releases". GitHub. Retrieved 2021-02-15.

[23] "Vapor Docs: Support". Vapor. Retrieved 2018-05-04.

[24] "Swift Server Workgoup".

[25] "Swift Server Workgroup Members".

[26] "Vapor Docs". docs.vapor.codes. Archived from the original on 2021-07-22. Retrieved 2018-05-22.

[27] Elliot, Keith (2016-10-06). Swift 3 New Features. Packt Publishing. ISBN 978-1786462718.

[28] Hussain, Shaista; et al. (2018-03-12). Proceedings of the 2018 6th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. Association for Computing Machinery. ISBN 978-1-4503-6348-8.

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