Venus was an American newsmagazine targeted to LGBTpeople of color, particularly African-Americans. Established in 1995, Venus was the first national LGBT magazine founded by a lesbian, Charlene Cothran. The magazine was named in honor of Venus Landin (1961-1993), a friend of Cothran's who was murdered by her former lover. At its peak, Venus was distributed to seventy-two locations across the United States, Canada, and major cities in Europe.[1] The magazine featured noteworthy commentary and ground-breaking articles on issues related to the African-American LGBT community. In 2006, the magazine and its founding publisher changed editorial focus and sexual identity. Following a decrease in advertising revenue, Venus ceased operations by 2007.
History
In 1991, Charlene Cothran, Venus's founding publisher, participated in the annual National Lesbian Conference (NLC).[2] The Atlanta event attracted 2,500 women, including artists and writers.[3] Cothran, who served on the NLC hospitality committee, first discussed publishing a new LGBT magazine,[2] specifically “by, for, and about lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people of African descent, with a focus on African-American lesbians and Atlanta.”[4]
Venus Landin
On March 2, 1993,[5][6] Venus Landin, co-chair of the African-American Gay Lesbian Alliance of Atlanta,[7] was murdered by her former lover, Bisa Niambi.[8][9] Niambi fatally shot Landin three times, and then killed herself in a murder-suicide.[6] Cothran was with Landin in the days preceding her murder and helped her friend to retrieve her personal belongings from her ex-lover's residence.[10]
The 1993 Atlanta Gay Pride Festival and festivities were dedicated to the memory of Venus Landin (May 17, 1961 - March 2, 1993).[11][12]
Venus Magazine
Venus was the first national LGBT magazine owned and operated by a lesbian,[13] and after Landin's murder, Cothran dedicated and named Venus magazine to honor her friend.[14]
The first issue of Venus was distributed in January 1995.[15][16][17]
The aim of the magazine was to be a platform for Black LGBT voices.[18] A profile of Phill Wilson, a gayAfrican-AmericanHIV/AIDS activist and Grand Marshall of the 1995 Martin Luther King parade in Atlanta, appeared in the first issue.[19][14] The magazine was available for free and placed in twenty locations in Atlanta, including LGBT bars, bookstores, and restaurants.[16] By November 1995, Venus was available in seventy-two locations across the U.S., including distribution points in Atlanta, Los Angeles, New Orleans, and Philadelphia.[16]
In 1996, Venus had a press run of 8,000 issues and was circulated in several cities with large LGBT populations.[2] Venus publisher and editor-in-chief Cothran was featured in an episode of ”In the Life,”[20] the longest running LGBTQ news magazine on television.[21] That same year, a group of Black gay press editors and publishers gathered in Washington, DC, to network and to discuss the expansion of publications directed towards African-Americans LGBT citizens who may not respond to or subscribe to mainstream LGBT publications.[22]
Venus moves to New York
In 1998, Venus moved its headquarters from Atlanta to the New York City area, and published four to six issues per year.[23][24] An annual subscription to Venus would cost $14.95.[23] The Washington Blade featured an article on Cothran and her efforts to promote and expand Venus.[25]
In the late 1990s, Venus published “The Venus Healthy Living Pocket Guide,” a booklet that included health information targeted to the African-American community.[1] The guide was distributed for free, and funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb.[24]
Throughout its history, Venus’s goal was to provide news and information for LGBT people of color and to be a resource for the African-American LGBT community.[26][27][28][29][30]Venus is considered one of the most influential Black LGBTQ periodicals.[31]
In the early 2000s, Venus contributed magazines and materials to The Black Gay and Lesbian Archive Project.[32][33] The project was donated to the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in 2004, and later renamed the “In the Life Archive.”[34] Venus is credited with donating issues and magazine records to the Auburn Avenue African American Lesbian and Gay Print Culture collection;[35][36] the magazine's donation helped to establish the collection.[4]
In 2006, Cothran changed the editorial policy of Venus and declared herself a former lesbian.[18][4][37][38][39]
LGBT advertisers dwindled, and Venus magazine ceased operations by 2007.[15][16][17][40]
Notable coverage
Venus was credited with breaking ground in several editorial areas, such as educational resources for HIV and AIDS prevention and care, dialogue between closeted and open LGBT populations, black gays and lesbians in corporate America, politics concerning homophobia, and the relationship between Christianity and homosexuality, among others.[16][41]
Early issues of Venus documented several Atlanta LGBT organizations and social spaces, including the African American Lesbian Gay Alliance,
[42] Brothers Back-2-Back,[43] Hospitality Atlanta, Loretta's, Marquette Lounge, Pearl Garden, SisterLove Inc.,[44] Sisters of 30 Something Special, Traxx, and ZAMI NOBLA, a national organization for Black lesbians over the age of forty.[45][36]
In 1995, Venus published information about Redefined Faith Unity Fellowship Church (later renamed Redefined Faith Worship Center), a group that is credited with being the first religious congregation designed for Black LGBTQ individuals in Atlanta.[46] In addition, national gay religious leaders Carl Bean and Bishop Zachary Jones,[47][48] the Unity Fellowship Church Movement,[49] and Atlanta's Second Sunday Discussion Group were profiled in Venus.[24]: 8–9, 22 [36]
In 1997, Venus co-produced, in conjunction with the Human Rights Campaign, Second Sunday, and ZAMI, the Bayard Rustin Rally in Atlanta to highlight activism and traditions of the Southern Black LGBT community.[50] This rally laid the foundation for the annual Bayard Rustin/Audre Lorde Breakfast,[51] which attracts several hundred people.[50] An historical article on A'Lelia Walker, the daughter of Madam C. J. Walker, the first female self-made millionaire in the United States, appeared in a Venus issue.[23] LaTanya Junior, an advertising agency CEO[52] and a former executive with Stedman Graham and Partners,[53][54] was featured on a Venus cover and profiled in a magazine interview.[23]
In 1998, Venus published “Black Gays in Corporate America,”[24]: 27–29 a seminal article that highlighted Ronald L. Moore, an executive at Hewlett-Packard,[55] who, at the time, was recognized as the “highest-ranking, openly gay or lesbian African-American at a Fortune 500 company.”[24]: 27 [56] Two years after its original publication, Venus published a follow-up story, "Black and Gay in Corporate America."[23]: 36–38 The next national magazine profile of African-American gay and lesbian executives would occur more than a decade later (see Black Enterprise, July 2011).[57][58]
Tony Award-winning choreographer Bill T. Jones was profiled in and featured on the cover of Venus.[24]: 36–41 A 1995 issue feature “Mary and Lou,” depicted a fictional story about a lesbian couple written by Shirlene Holmes.[16][61] A story on Cleveland's black gay community,[23] including the first Cleveland International Black Gay Film Festival[62] and photos from the Gay Men of African Descent’s 7th annual benefit fashion show also appeared in Venus.[24]: 45 Venus first reported on the planning for Atlanta's inaugural Black Gay Pride Celebration in 1995.[63][64]
Venus profiled “10 Men You need to know!” in 1997,[65]: 6–9 a cover story that included profiles of: Cordell Adams, MD;[66] A. Cornelius Baker (1961–2024);[67][68][69]Keith Boykin; Mario Cooper (1954–2015);[70] Rodney Gooden; Cary Alan Johnson;[71]Cleo Manago; H. Alexander Robinson (H Alexander Satorie-Robinson);[72] Milton Simpson; and Steve Wakefield.[73]
That same year, Venus profiled the National Black Lesbian and Gay Leadership Forum (1988–2003)[74] and its board of directors: Joy Barnes, Brenda Crawford,[75] Joan Fountain, Sherry Harris, Ron Johnson,[76][77] Rhonda Mundhenk,[78] Steve Oxendine, Michael C. Piper, Debra Rose, and Steve Walker, as well as the organization's 10th anniversary conference in Long Beach, California.[79]: 6–7, 22
In 1999, Venus profiled Ruth C. Ellis (1899-2000), the oldest known lesbian activist in the United States.[80][81][82][83] The movie, "Living with Pride: Ruth C. Ellis @ 100," won several honors, including Best Documentary awards at the Austin and San Francisco film festivals.[83]
Notable contributors
Venus featured a diverse roster of writers, editors, designers, interview and profile subjects who represented all sexualities.
The following is a partial list of Venus issues available in archives, libraries, or personal collections.
1995: vol. 1, no. 1, January 1995 (cover: Life in this closet .. A Sister's Story; Phill Wilson, Grand Marshall King Parade: Paving the Way; Relationships: Back to the Basics);[46][15][30] vol. 1, no. 2, February 1995;[29][46][30] vol. 1, no. 3, March 1995;[46][30] vol. 1, June 1995;[46][30] vol. 1, July 1995;[46][30] vol. 1, August/September 1995 (cover: "A Lady and A Woman");[64][30] vol. 1, October 1995 (cover: Two Women and Motorcyle);[64][94][30] vol. 1, November 1995 (cover: Audrey Lorde);[64][30] vol. 1, December 1995[46][30]
1996: vol. 2, Feb/Mar 1996;[30] vol. 2 May 1996;[30] vol. 2, No 6;[46][30] vol. 2, no. 7, July 1996;[29][30] vol. 2, no. 8, August/September 1996;[30] vol. 2, November 1996[46][30]
1997: vol. 3, no. 1 (cover: Ann Nesby);[30] vol. 3, no. 2 (cover: Michael Boatman)[30]
1998: vol. 4, no. ? (cover: Lesbian wedding photo);[96][30] vol. 4, no. 3 (cover: Black Gays in Corporate America)[24]
^ abDouglas-Brown, Laura (October 23, 2008). Local: Venus Landin. “October is Gay History Month. Every day, Southern Voice highlights a person or group that has helped shape Atlanta's lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community.” Southern Voice.
^Linton, Katherine, Charlene Cothran, Keith Boykin, Dirk Shafer, Ciprian Cucu, Troy D Perry, Lavender Light, and Lavender Light. 1996. In the Life. Episode 503, Black History Month / Produced by In The Life Media.
^Venus Magazine for Lesbians and Gays of Color (Atlanta, GA), Feb Jun-Aug/Sep 1995; Feb/Mar, May; July, Aug/Sept, Oct/Nov 1996;, Box: Venus Magazine. Gender and Sexuality periodicals collection, Q-Periodicals. Special Collections. https://archivesspace.library.gsu.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/160582 Accessed November 27, 2024.
^ abcdeVenus Magazine (Atlanta, GA) [magazine]: v. 1, no. 1 (February 1995) - v. 2, no. 7 (July 1996), incomplete; unnumbered issue (Winter 1999) - v. 8, no. 2 (March/April 2002).. William Way LGBT Community Center periodicals collection, Ms-Coll-37. John J. Wilcox, Jr. LGBT Archives, William Way LGBT Community Center.
^In the Life Archive (ITLA) miscellaneous collections, Sc MG 736, Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Manuscripts, Archives and Rare Books Division, The New York Public Library.
^ abcPlanetOut, Venus magazine, 1995-1996, Series VII, Box: 1, Folder: 15. African American Lesbian and Gay Print Culture Collection, aarl98-008. Auburn Avenue Research Library on African-American Culture and History. https://aspace-aafa.galileo.usg.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/7770 Accessed December 08, 2024.
^ abDoxey, Tamara Y. (October 5, 2007). PUBLIC HEARING HOUSE BILL 1400. House State Government Committee. House of Representatives. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. p. 45.
^Venus Magazine for Lesbians and Gays of Color (Atlanta, GA), Feb Jun-Aug/Sep 1995; Feb/Mar, May; July, Aug/Sept, Oct/Nov 1996;, Box: Venus Magazine. Gender and Sexuality periodicals collection, Q-Periodicals. Special Collections. https://archivesspace.library.gsu.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/160582 Accessed November 26, 2024.
^ abcdefghiNimmo, Wes; Patrick Sullivan; and Jackie Tyson (April 17, 2023). The Atlanta LGBTQ+ Historic Context. New South Associates for Historic Atlanta and the City of Atlanta Office of Design.
^ abcdefAfrican American Lesbian and Gay Print Culture Collection, 1989-2010, Archives Division, Auburn Avenue Research Library on African American Culture and History, Atlanta-Fulton Public Library.
^ abcdefghijVenus Magazine. Vol. 3. No. 1. 1997. Cover: Ann Nesby. Cothran Publications, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia.
^ abcdefghijklmnVenus Magazine. Vol. 3. No. 2. 1997. Cover: Michael Boatman, Spin City (ABC). Cothran Publications, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia 30312.
^ abcdVenus Magazine. Vol 5. No. 2. 1999. Cover: Ann Nesby. Cothran Publications, Inc. Hastings-on-Hudson, New York 10706.
^ abcRUTH ELLIS: VENUS MAGAZINE, 2000’S. Note: The Ruth Ellis article appeared in the September 1999 issue of Venus, yet the KyKy archive link references 2000s.
^ abcdSuggested Readings for Black Feminists. See "Ruth Ellis: Ageless Beauty Timeless Mind," by Anderson Jones, Venus, vol 5, Sept 1999, p22+; flyer announcing New York City Premiere of "Living With Pride: Ruth Ellis @100, nd.
^ abVenus Magazine. vol. 1. October 1995. Cover: Two Women and Motorcycle. Cothran Publications, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia 30312.
^Sylvestre, Berlin (June 6, 2018). BREAKING: Atlanta Pride’s 2018’s Grand Marshals Announced. "He has written various articles and editorials for the Atlanta Journal Constitution, Arise, Atlanta Voice, the Black AIDS Institute, Southern Voice, Venus Magazine, and the Washington Blade." Georgia Voice.
^Venus, May 2002, Box: 59, Folder: 3. LGBTQ Publications Collection, SPC-2018-031. California State University Dominguez Hills, Gerth Archives and Special Collections. https://csudharchives.libraryhost.com/repositories/6/archival_objects/24689 Accessed December 23, 2024. (Note: reference cites "Vol. 8 No. 2" for May, although the Vol. 8 no. 2 issue is referenced as "March/April" in the Wilcox archives.)
