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Acido flomico

Acido flomico
Acido flomico
Acido flomico
Nome IUPAC
acido icosa-7,8-dienoico
Abbreviazioni
20:2Δ7,8allene - 7e,8e 20:2
Caratteristiche generali
Formula bruta o molecolareC20H36O2
PubChem102066359
SMILES
CCCCCCCCCCCC=C=CCCCCCC(=O)O
Indicazioni di sicurezza

L'acido flomico è un acido grasso lineare composto da 20 atomi di carbonio, con 2 doppi legami consecutivi (allene) in posizione 7=8=9. Ha formula di struttura: CH3-(CH2)10-CH=C=CH-(CH2)5-COOH. Si tratta di uno dei rari acidi grassi allenici rilevabili in natura, probabilmente biosintetizzato per elongazione dall'acido laballenico.[1]

Il gruppo allenico è responsabile della marcata attività ottica ([α]D20 = −47°) dell'acido flomico.

È stato isolato nel 1997 da K. Aitzetmüller, N. e K. Tsevegsüren Vosmann nell'olio di semi di varie lamiaceae, sottofamiglia Lamioideae [1]: Phlomis tuberosa (≈2,9%), Phlomis fruticosa (≈0,5%), Lamiastrum galeobdolon (≈0,4%) , Phlomis Samia (≈0,3%), Leonurus sibiricus (≈0,3%). Successivamente altre analisi hanno rilevato l'acido flomico, quasi sempre in associazione con l'acido laballenico e con l'acido gadoleico (20:1Δ9c)[1], nei glucidi degli oli di semi di: Leucas ciliata ciliata(≈2%)[2], Leucas marrubioides (≈0,5%)[2], Leucas hirta (≈0,5%)[2].

Il nome comune dell'acido deriva dal genere Phlomis . I derivati vegetali con alto tenore di acidi grassi allenici hanno mostrato attività citotossica, anti-infiammatoria e antivirale.[3][4]

Note

  1. ^ a b c Kurt Aitzetmüller, Nanzad Tsevegsüren e Klaus Vosmann, A New Allenic Fatty Acid inPhlomis (Lamiaceae) Seed Oil, in Fett/Lipid, vol. 99, n. 3, 1997, pp. 74–78, DOI:10.1002/lipi.19970990304. URL consultato il 17 gennaio 2020.
  2. ^ a b c Ashish Kumar Choudhary, P. Sunojkumar e Girish Mishra, Fatty acid profiling and multivariate analysis in the genus Leucas reveals its nutritional, pharmaceutical and chemotaxonomic significance, in Phytochemistry, vol. 143, 2017-11, pp. 72–80, DOI:10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.07.007. URL consultato il 17 gennaio 2020.
  3. ^ Anja Hoffmann-Röder e Norbert Krause, Synthesis and Properties of Allenic Natural Products and Pharmaceuticals, in Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol. 43, n. 10, 27 febbraio 2004, pp. 1196–1216, DOI:10.1002/anie.200300628. URL consultato il 17 gennaio 2020.
  4. ^ Norbert Krause e Anja Hoffmann-Rder, Modern Allene Chemistry, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, pp. 997–1040, ISBN 978-3-527-61957-3. URL consultato il 17 gennaio 2020.

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