The Heilongjiang Federation of Trade Unions (HLJFTU; Chinese: 黑龙江省总工会), a provincial branch of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU), was formally established in October 1946 in Harbin.^[1]

Its origins trace to the Chinese Eastern Railway Workers' Union in 1920, which organized strikes against Russian and Japanese colonial control, notably the 1929 Sino-Soviet Railway Conflict in Manzhouli. During the Korean War, the HLJFTU mobilized workers in Daqing Oil Field (discovered 1959) to support national energy security.^[2][3]

Post-1949, the union managed state-owned heavy industries like Harbin Electric Machinery Plant in 1951. Post-1978 reforms saw it mediate layoffs in declining timber industries and promote labor safety in coal mines after the Longfeng Mine Disaster in 2002.^[4][5]